鍼無補法의 의미에 대한 考察
A Study on the Meaning of Theory that Acupuncture has no Reinforcement
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Objectives : 침 치료의 補瀉法은 현재 임상에서 흔히 쓰이고 있다. 한편 예로부터 鍼無補法에 대한 주장이 있었는데 그에 따른 충분한 논의가 이루어지지 않았다고 생각하여 鍼無補法 이론에 대해서 검증하고자 하였다. Methods : 『黃帝內經』을 중심으로 침의 補瀉 관련 내용을 검토하고, 鍼無補法을 언급한 다른 의서들을 함께 살펴보았다. Results : 『黃帝內經』에서는 자침의 瀉하는 특성이 나타나 있다. 침이 약의 작용과는 차이기 있어 극심한 허증에 활용할 수 없음을 기술하였고. 자침시 正氣가 빠져나가는 것을 경계하였다.『黃帝內經』에 나오는 補瀉手技法의 補法은 正氣가 빠져나가는 것을 방지하는 것을 중점으로 하였다. 鍼無補法에 대한 논술은 『東醫寶鑑』과 『鍼灸經驗方』에도 존재하고 있으며, 조선 후기까지도 왕실에서 鍼無補法에 대한 인식이 있었다. Conclusions : 침의 補瀉의 목적은 체내에 正氣의 분포가 불균형함으로 인하여 한 부위가 상대적으로 다른 부위와 비교하였을 때 허실이 구분되는 것을 조절하는 것이다. 우리가 ‘鍼刺補瀉法’이라고 명명할 때의 補法과 鍼無補法의 ‘有瀉而無補’라고 했을 때의 補法은 각각 인체 내에서 불균형을 조절하면서 補한다는 의미와 출입의 관점으로 氣가 유입되어 허한 것을 補한다는 의미로 서로 다르다.
Abstract
Objectives : Acupuncture therapy’s reinforcement and reduction method is now widely used in the clinical practices. Meanwhile, there has been a voice of concern since the past that acupuncture has no reinforcement. This thought has not been given enough discussion, and the paper attempts to remedy this absence and verify the validity of the concern. Methods : The acupunctural reinforcement and reduction method found in the Huangdineijing is reviewed, and a number of medical books that discuss the idea of lack of reinforcement in acupuncture are studied. Results : Huangdineijing describes the acupunctural unique feature of reduction. The text explains that acupuncture work in a way that is different that medicine, and thus cannot be used for a disease based on deficiency. In addition, it warned the loss of the primordial qi when needling oneself. Reinforcement in the reinforcement and reduction technique as described in Huangdineijing mainly revolves around preventing the loss of the primordial qi. Conclusions : The purpose of the acupunctural reinforcement and reduction is to control the body’s disproportional qi deficiency and excess, where some parts of the body has more qi than others. The reinforcement in “acupunctural reinforcement and reduction method” and the reinforcement in “acupuncture only has reduction and no reinforcement" within the thought of “acupuncture has no reinforcement” are different in that one deals with controlling the imbalance of qi in body, and the other deals with dispelling the deficiency by flowing the qi in the viewpoint of entering and out. This calls for a need to establish the proper acupunctural points, numbers, and times for each disease based on the theory of “acupuncture has no reinforcemen.”
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