토마스 하디의 시: 이상향으로서의 과거
Thomas Hardy’s Poetry: Longing for the Past as the Lost Eden
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Hardy’s pessimistic vision is special in that he does not deny all the values of the world, but finds present realities problematic in contrast with the past, the blissful moment in his memories. In both of his verse and prose he commemorates his childhood and hometown, by which he seems to believe he can be re-invigorated. Psychologically the tendency to long for the past is related to the working of the mother archetype, which, according to Jungian psychology, helps human beings survive and adapt themselves to given conditions in infancy and childhood. Such is its power that it has worked as a psychological motif, whose workings are traceable in various fields of human activities including literature. This archetype may prolong its influence or even dominate one’s psyche for one’s lifetime under certain circumstances. Hardy seems to have been under a strong influence of the mother archetype since he always contrasts troublesome present against carefree days gone-by. We find the reason on three grounds: one is favorable human surroundings in his youth, especially his devoted mother and other figures onto whom his mother archetype was projected; another, the natural settings in which he grew up and to which he felt attached till his death; the other, Christianity and the church which provided Hardy with rich foundations for his literary success. Here an attempt has been made to substantiate such assumptions.
Abstract
Hardy’s pessimistic vision is special in that he does not deny all the values of the world, but finds present realities problematic in contrast with the past, the blissful moment in his memories. In both of his verse and prose he commemorates his childhood and hometown, by which he seems to believe he can be re-invigorated. Psychologically the tendency to long for the past is related to the working of the mother archetype, which, according to Jungian psychology, helps human beings survive and adapt themselves to given conditions in infancy and childhood. Such is its power that it has worked as a psychological motif, whose workings are traceable in various fields of human activities including literature. This archetype may prolong its influence or even dominate one’s psyche for one’s lifetime under certain circumstances. Hardy seems to have been under a strong influence of the mother archetype since he always contrasts troublesome present against carefree days gone-by. We find the reason on three grounds: one is favorable human surroundings in his youth, especially his devoted mother and other figures onto whom his mother archetype was projected; another, the natural settings in which he grew up and to which he felt attached till his death; the other, Christianity and the church which provided Hardy with rich foundations for his literary success. Here an attempt has been made to substantiate such assumptions.
참고문헌 (15)
- "Goodbye to All That" (1929)
- "The Life of Thomas Hardy 1840-1928" (1975), Macmillan
- "The Complete Poems of Thomas Hardy" (1976), Macmillan
- , 19781952, ~, pp.Macmillan Macmillan
- "Writers in a Landscape" (1996), Cardiff: U of Wales P
- "Thomas Hardy and the Church" (1996), London: Macmillan
- "Thomas Hardy’s Poetry: A Jungian Perspective" (2002), New York: Peter Lang
- "A Critical Introduction to the Poems of Thomas Hardy" (1991), Macmillan Education
- "of The Collected Works of C", pp.9~ (1953), Princeton Princeton UP
- "An Analysis of the Archetype" (1991), Princeton Princeton UP
- "Oxford Reader’s Companion to Hardy" (2000), Oxford: Oxford UP
- "A History of Modern Poetry From the 1890s to the High Modernist Mode" (1976)
- "Hardy, Jemima, and Julia Martin: A Study in Influence", 14.1, pp.75~84 (1998)
- "Moments of Vision The Poetry of Thomas Hardy" (1974)
- "Longing for the Past as the Lost Eden"