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Abstract

Abstract The Beginnings of the Presbyterian Church in Chungnam Province Song Hyeon-Kang The Presbyterian church of Chungnam wasestablished by missionaries who belonged to the Kunsan station of the Southern Presbyterian Mission. The earliest meetings in Suchun and Hansan began from 1901 to 1902. The Baptist meetings that had been formed by the missionary works of the Ella Thing Memorial Mission were incorporated into the Kunsan station at that time. After that, missionary works expanded from year to year, and attendance increased year by year. Most churches in Suchun, Boryeong, and Booyeo were not organized. The beginning of Kumsan Presbyterian church was also closely related to the activities of the Southern Presbyterian Mission. W. B. Harrison of the Chunju station preached in Kumsan. Kim Pil Soo also worked in the same area. Churches began at Kumsan and Jinsan in 1906. Konaekok Church(1903), Hwanghwajung Church(1907), and Doohwa Church(1913) were all established by W. B. Harrison and Kim Pil Soo. Chochiwon Church was founded in around 1906 but joined the Chungcheong Presbytery in 1945. Chungnam was an uneventful region from the late 19th century to the early part of the 20th century. This region was controlled by Kyunghwa-Sajok(京華士族), who lived in Seoul, instead of local Jaeji-Sajok(在地士族). Hoseo-Sarim(湖西士林) lost their influence upon the local communities after the 18th century and local landowners(土豪) took the upper hand instead. Members of the Chungnam Presbyterian church were composed of former government officials and Yang-ban as well as small farmers at that time. Their conversion came from their concerns with security or desires for upward mobilities. It was not important for them to maintain Confucian ideas. Sometimes a whole village became Christian, thereby substituting traditional Neo-Confucian ideals with western civilization and religion.