Evoking National Unity: Suffering, Sympathy, and Patriotic Wars in Leaves of Grass
0
조회
0
다운로드
0
인용
0
참고문헌
키워드
초록
The first edition of Leaves of Grass in 1855 is impressively filled with bloody scenes such as a suicidal scene, a suffering slave, a mashed fireman, and martyrs of war. The sensational scenes not only attract people’s attention but also establish common ground upon which people are linked together. The blood imagery begins on the personal level, but it is developed to the public level. To evoke national unity, Whitman employs effective devices such as sympathy with victims, empathy with sufferers, and sensationalism. On the other hand, Whitman’s persona appears as a sympathetic figure in Leaves of Grass. The sympathetic yet omniscient persona identifies himself with many suffering characters in a series of vignettes. Whitman mentions destructive and sensational moments in his poems to bring up a moment of patriotic togetherness. Paradoxical as it seems to be, national union comes from a moment of disaster. In other words, the source of national unity ironically comes from the destructive scenes such as the shipwreck, the hounded slave, and the mashed fireman. Whitman interweaves suffering, sympathy, and martyrdom into national unity in Leaves of Grass.
Abstract
The first edition of Leaves of Grass in 1855 is impressively filled with bloody scenes such as a suicidal scene, a suffering slave, a mashed fireman, and martyrs of war. The sensational scenes not only attract people’s attention but also establish common ground upon which people are linked together. The blood imagery begins on the personal level, but it is developed to the public level. To evoke national unity, Whitman employs effective devices such as sympathy with victims, empathy with sufferers, and sensationalism. On the other hand, Whitman’s persona appears as a sympathetic figure in Leaves of Grass. The sympathetic yet omniscient persona identifies himself with many suffering characters in a series of vignettes. Whitman mentions destructive and sensational moments in his poems to bring up a moment of patriotic togetherness. Paradoxical as it seems to be, national union comes from a moment of disaster. In other words, the source of national unity ironically comes from the destructive scenes such as the shipwreck, the hounded slave, and the mashed fireman. Whitman interweaves suffering, sympathy, and martyrdom into national unity in Leaves of Grass.
참고문헌 (17)
- Aspiz, Harold, "So Long!: Walt Whitman’s Poetry of Death" (2004), The U of Alabama P
- Erkkila, Betsy, "Whitman the Political Poet" (1989), Oxford UP
- Holloway, Emory, "Whitman: An Interpretation in Narrative" (1926), Alfred A. Knopf
- Lawrence, D. H., "Studies in Classic American Literature" (1961), Penguin Books
- Loving, Jerome, "Leaves of Grass: The Sesquicentennial Essays", pp.363~377 (2007), U of Nebraska P
- McKeithan, D. M., "Whitman’s Song of Myself 34 and its Background" (1969), Lundequistska Bokhandeln
- Redding, Patrick, "Whitman Unbound; Democracy and Poetic Form, 1912-1931", New Literary History, 41(3), pp.669~690 (2010)
- Reynolds, David S., "Walt Whitman’s America: A Cultural Biography" (1995), Alfred A. Knopf
- Whitman, Walt, "The Early Poems and the Fiction" (1963), New York UP
- Whitman, Walt, "I Sit and Look Out: Editorials from the Brooklyn Daily Times" (1932), Columbia University
- Whitman, Walt, "Leaves of Grass" (1855), New York
- Whitman, Walt, "Notebooks and Unpublished Prose Manuscripts. Vol 1" (1984), New York UP
- Whitman, Walt, "Prose Works 1892" (1964), New York UP
- Whitman, Walt, "Specimen Days in America" (1887), Walter Scott
- Whitman, Walt, "Death of Abraham Lincoln" (1962), Indiana UP
- Whitley, Edward, "Whitman’s Occasional Nationalism: ‘A Broadway Pageant’ and the Space of Public Poetry", Nineteenth-Century Literature, 60(4), pp.451~480 (2006)
- Spann, Edward K., "The New Metropolis: New York City", pp.1840~1857 (1981), Columbia UP