TiO2:TiCl4 전자수송층을 도입한 페로브스카이트 태양전지의 광전변환효율 향상
Improved Photoelectric Conversion Efficiency of Perovskite Solar Cells with TiO2:TiCl4 Electron Transfer Layer
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페로브스카이트 태양전지의 전자수송층(ETL)인 다공성 TiO2에 TiCl4를 흡착시켜 FTO 전극과 광활성층의 직접 접촉을 방지하고, 페로브스카이트 광활성층과 TiO2:TiCl4 전자수송층 간의 전자 이동을 쉽게 함으로써 소자의 광전변환 효율을 높이고자 했다. 제작한 페로브스카이트 태양전지의 구조는 FTO/TiO2:TiCl4/Perovskite(CH3NH3PbI3)/spiro- OMeTAD/Ag이다. TiCl4 수용액에 다공성 TiO2를 침지하는 시간을 변화시켜 제작한 소자의 광전기적 특성에 미치는 영향을 비교 평가하였다. TiO2:TiCl4 전자수송층을 갖는 페로브스카이트 태양전지의 광전변환효율은 TiCl4 수용액에 TiO2 전자수송층을 30분 동안 침지하여 제작한 소자에서 가장 높은 10.46%를 얻었으며, 이는 TiO2만의 전자수송층을 갖는 소자에 비해 27% 향상되었다. SEM, EDS, XPS 측정으로 TiCl4 흡착으로 인한 TiO2 층의 다공성 감소와 Cl 성분의 검출, 페로브스카이트 광활성층의 큐브형 모폴로지와 PbI2 피크의 이동을 관찰하였으며, TiO2:TiCl4 층과 페로브스카이트 광활성층이 형성되었음을 확인하였다.
Abstract
The TiCl4 as a blocking material is adsorbed in the mesoporous TiO2 electron transfer layer(ETL) of the Perovskite solar cell to prevent the direct contact between the FTO electrode and the photoactive layer(AL), and facilitate the movement of the electrons between TiO2:TiCl4 ETL and Perovskite AL to improve the photoelectric conversion efficiency(PCE). The structure of the perovskite solar cell is FTO/TiO2:TiCl4/Perovskite(CH3NH3PbI3)/spiro-OMeTAD/ Ag. It was investigated that the dipping time of the TiO2 into TiCl4 aqueous solution affects on the photoelectric characteristics of the device. By the dipping for 30 minutes, the PCE of the perovskite solar cell with the TiO2:TiCl4 ETL was the highest 10.46%, which is 27% higher than the cell with TiO2 ETL. From SEM, EDS, and XRD characterization on the TiO2:TiCl4 ETL and the perovskite AL, it was measured that the decrease of the porosity of the TiO2 layer, the detection of the Cl component by the TiCl4 adsorption, the cube-type morphology of perovskite AL, and shift of the PbI2 peak of the perovskite AL. From these results, it was confirmed that the TiO2:TiCl4 ETL and the perovskite AL were formed.
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