Suspected paraneoplastic neutrophilic leukocytosis in a cat with mammary carcinoma
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An 11-year-old intact female domestic shorthair cat with a history of mammary carcinoma and unilateral mastectomy was presented for suspected recurrence. The cat exhibited lethargy, vomiting, anorexia, and weight loss. Physical examination revealed right axillary lymphadenopathy, and imaging identified metastases in the medial iliac lymph node and liver. Fine-needle aspiration confirmed malignancy. A marked leukocytosis (109.3 K/mL) accompanied by neutrophilia (84%) and an elevated serum amyloid A concentration was observed. Infectious disease tests were negative, suggesting paraneoplastic neutrophilic leukocytosis (PN). Antibiotics and prednisolone failed to resolve leukocytosis, leading to chemotherapy with lomustine (CCNU). Despite treatment, leukocytosis worsened, and metastatic nodules developed, resulting in clinical deterioration and death. This case highlights the challenges of PN in feline mammary carcinoma and its potential role as a prognostic indicator. Further studies are needed to establish optimal management strategies for PN in cats.
Abstract
An 11-year-old intact female domestic shorthair cat with a history of mammary carcinoma and unilateral mastectomy was presented for suspected recurrence. The cat exhibited lethargy, vomiting, anorexia, and weight loss. Physical examination revealed right axillary lymphadenopathy, and imaging identified metastases in the medial iliac lymph node and liver. Fine-needle aspiration confirmed malignancy. A marked leukocytosis (109.3 K/mL) accompanied by neutrophilia (84%) and an elevated serum amyloid A concentration was observed. Infectious disease tests were negative, suggesting paraneoplastic neutrophilic leukocytosis (PN). Antibiotics and prednisolone failed to resolve leukocytosis, leading to chemotherapy with lomustine (CCNU). Despite treatment, leukocytosis worsened, and metastatic nodules developed, resulting in clinical deterioration and death. This case highlights the challenges of PN in feline mammary carcinoma and its potential role as a prognostic indicator. Further studies are needed to establish optimal management strategies for PN in cats.