우주 기원 원소를 이용한 한국 지형 연구의 가능성과 전망
Possibilities and prospective of the study on landforms in Korea using cosmogenic isotope analysis
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우주 기원 원소의 분석은 지형학과 제 4기학 연구의 새로운 연구 기법으로 각광을 받고있다. 지구 외부로부터 유입되는 우주선은 지표를 구성하는 물질들의 스펠레이션을 유발 하여 제자리에서 형성되는 우주 기원 물질을 형성하게 된다. 우주기원 원소 분석을 지형 연구에 응용하기 위해서는 각 지점에서의 생성률을 산정 해야 하며 이를 위해서는 경위도, 고도, 차양, 표본 두께에 의한 보정과 같은 작업이 필요하다. 이러한 보정을 통하여 연구 지점에서의 국지적 원소 생성률을 낸 뒤 이를 이용 하여 침식률 혹은 노출 연대를 추정 할 수 있다. 추정된 노출연대 혹은 침식률은 약 10% 내외의 오류 범위를 지닌다. 또한 현재까지 이용되고 있는 우주기원 원소의 상당수가 화강암이나 편마암등과 같은 지질 환경에서 흔히 얻을 수 있는 물질인 석영에서 형성되고 있다. 이러한 장점들로 인하여 한국지형 연구에서 향후 신뢰할만한 연구기법으로 판단된다. 본 고에서는 실제 우주 기원 원소분석을 행하는데 필수적인 보정과 시료 처리과정 그리고 자료의 해석과정을 소개하고 해설하였으며, 향후 한국 지형 연구에서의 적용 가능성을 탐색 하였다
Abstract
Cosmogenic nuclide analysis is the emerging tool in geomorphological and quaternary research. Extraterrestrial cosmic ray causes the spallation of particular forming materials of earth surface and theses processes producein situ cosmogenic nuclides. Corrections with geographical setting, altitude, topographic shielding and thickness of thesample should be done to determine the local production rate of cosmogenic isotopes. The quantity of the isotopes foundfrom AMS analysis could be used to find the exposure age or erosion rate of the sampled area. Whether the values foundfrom analysis can be used for exposure age or erosion rate depend on the setting of the samples. In the case of samplesfrom the area where steady state erosion assumption can be justified, the result should be used for erosion rate ratherthan exposure ages. The uncertainty of the analysis method is about 10% in this time. It is most reliable method todetermine exposure age or erosion rate. In addition, most cosmogenic isotopes produced within quartz, which is mostcommon component of granites and other metamorphic rocks. Cosmogenic nuclide analysis could be a useful tool forgeomorphological and quaternary research in Korea.
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