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An areal-typological view on the distribution of WH correlatives in the Tungusic languages

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Udihe, a Tungusic language of Russia, has correlative constructions in which an interrogative pronoun in the subordinate clause correlates with an interrogative or a demonstrative in the main clause. Interestingly, similar constructions are widely seen not only in the Tungusic languages, but also in the neighboring major languages (Chinese and Russian). This paper aims to examine the possibility of language contact ) affecting correlatives by considering the distribution of Tungusic correlatives from a typological view. Based on collected data of Tungusic correlatives, the author attempts to make a syntactic comparison of correlatives in Tungusic languages and two neighboring languages, Chinese and Russian. In summary, given that each Tungusic language shares similar syntactic features of correlatives with its adjacent major languages, we can conclude that there has been some influence from Chinese and/or Russian on Tungusic correlatives. In addition, we briefly examine correlatives in some Mongolic and Turkic languages as well.

Abstract

Udihe, a Tungusic language of Russia, has correlative constructions in which an interrogative pronoun in the subordinate clause correlates with an interrogative or a demonstrative in the main clause. Interestingly, similar constructions are widely seen not only in the Tungusic languages, but also in the neighboring major languages (Chinese and Russian). This paper aims to examine the possibility of language contact ) affecting correlatives by considering the distribution of Tungusic correlatives from a typological view. Based on collected data of Tungusic correlatives, the author attempts to make a syntactic comparison of correlatives in Tungusic languages and two neighboring languages, Chinese and Russian. In summary, given that each Tungusic language shares similar syntactic features of correlatives with its adjacent major languages, we can conclude that there has been some influence from Chinese and/or Russian on Tungusic correlatives. In addition, we briefly examine correlatives in some Mongolic and Turkic languages as well.

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