密敎의 修行 - 『菩提心論』을 중심으로

Abstract

This thesis, as explained above, discusses the philosophy of Esoteric Buddhism with the text titled 『BoRiSyimLon(菩提心論)』 that holds the absolute position in Esoteric Buddhism. It also contemplates what principles the esoteric practitioners based on to advocate the Esoteric Buddhist practice called JeukSynSeongBool(卽身成佛), which adorned Indian Buddhism at its end. In addition, what kinds of the realistic practices for its realization were developed is investigated. The Chapter 1 'the Main Principles of JeukSynSeongBool(卽身成佛)' studies the principles of JeukSynSeongBool(卽身成佛) based on the fundamental standpoint of Esoteric Buddhism(法身說法, 卽事而眞, 三密瑜伽). The Chapter 2 'the Theory of the Esoteric Practice in 『BoRiSyimLon(菩提心論)』' contemplates the peculiar Esoteric practice SamMaJi(三摩地修行法) developed based on the principles presented in Chapter 1. That is, the chapter presents the extracts of the essence of 『DaeYilGyung(大日經)』과 『GeumGangJeongGyung(金剛頂經)』 and looks into WalLyunGwan(月輪觀), AhJaGwan(阿字觀), and OhSangSeongShinGwan(五相成身觀) which is SamMyilYuGaHaengBup(三密瑜伽行法). As a result, Esoteric Buddhism is recognized to teach JoongGwanSaSang(中觀思想) that shows 'YilCheBupMooJaSeongGong(一切法無自性空)'. It developed the principles of Alaya consiousness(識) taught in YuSyik(唯識) sect that presents the idea “the present self is the result of my past karma done by my body, speech, and behaviour. The present self is the cause of my future self.” Esoteric Buddhism also succeeded YeoLaeJangSaSang(如來藏思想) teaching “JaSeongCheongJeongGaekJinBunNoi(自性淸淨客塵煩惱)” and developed this into the peculiar practice only to Esoteric Buddhism such as the SamMaJi practice(三摩地修行法), which based itself on SamMyilYuGa(三密瑜伽) including WalLyunGwan(月輪觀), Sixteen DaeBoSalSooHaengGwan(十六大菩薩修行觀), AhJaGwan(阿字觀), WoSangSeongSyinGwan(五相成身觀). Esoteric Buddhism teaches that through these practices, one can realize the true self is BonLaeBool(本來佛) and is always pure as AhJa(阿字), WolLewnand(月輪) lotus(蓮花) and the bright and pure light(光明) is the very “JaSyinBoolSiDaeYilYeoRae(自身卽是大日如來)”. The study of Esoteric Buddhism through this article confirms that one should realize the fact that a self is not an ignorant being, but originally a Buddha, and could live life with that awakening as a Buddha, not an ignorant being. This shows that Esoteric Buddhism is a teaching that has been developed into the philosophy of realistic practice[行動哲學(行證)] built on top of BonGakSaSang(本覺思想).