A Liturgical Analysis of Quaker/Shaker Meeting Houses: Insights for Korean Protestant Church Architecture
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The meeting houses of Quakers and Shakers are not widely seen as significant in the liturgical history of church architecture, and research on them concentrates mainly on their historical and architectural aspects. The purpose of this paper is to analyze the significance of Quaker- Shaker meeting houses and to find potential insights for modern churches, specifically Korean Protestant Churches. The Quaker meeting house is evidence of a Quaker theology which does not emphasize social orders and symbols. The Quakers’ worship tradition, summarized in 'Waiting for the Presence of the Holy Spirit,' centers on direct encounters with God and fellowship with the congregation, rejecting rites or symbols seen as unnecessary. Wood and brick were generally used for a simple floor plan, and two doors were created for the male and female members to have independent meetings. The Shaker meeting house is similar to that of the Quakers. Shakers provides for a more flexible space based on the characteristics of their worship, which emphasizes singing and dancing. The Quaker/Shaker meeting houses show close relationships between theology, worship and architecture. Practicality and simplicity are preeminently integrated to eliminate unnecessary or excessive decoration. Equality between men and women and the active participation of the whole congregation are values are also made evident by these architectural features. These features provide today's Christians insights into the essence of church architecture: that the theological and religious confessions of the community must be realized in the physical form of the church. It reminds us of the importance of hospitality, inclusiveness, participation, simplicity and beauty in church architecture.
Abstract
The meeting houses of Quakers and Shakers are not widely seen as significant in the liturgical history of church architecture, and research on them concentrates mainly on their historical and architectural aspects. The purpose of this paper is to analyze the significance of Quaker- Shaker meeting houses and to find potential insights for modern churches, specifically Korean Protestant Churches. The Quaker meeting house is evidence of a Quaker theology which does not emphasize social orders and symbols. The Quakers’ worship tradition, summarized in 'Waiting for the Presence of the Holy Spirit,' centers on direct encounters with God and fellowship with the congregation, rejecting rites or symbols seen as unnecessary. Wood and brick were generally used for a simple floor plan, and two doors were created for the male and female members to have independent meetings. The Shaker meeting house is similar to that of the Quakers. Shakers provides for a more flexible space based on the characteristics of their worship, which emphasizes singing and dancing. The Quaker/Shaker meeting houses show close relationships between theology, worship and architecture. Practicality and simplicity are preeminently integrated to eliminate unnecessary or excessive decoration. Equality between men and women and the active participation of the whole congregation are values are also made evident by these architectural features. These features provide today's Christians insights into the essence of church architecture: that the theological and religious confessions of the community must be realized in the physical form of the church. It reminds us of the importance of hospitality, inclusiveness, participation, simplicity and beauty in church architecture.
참고문헌 (36)
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