판문점 선언과 북미 정상회담에 관한 분석과 한국교회의 실천방안

Abstract

In this paper, the author identified the evolved international political affairs after the Panmunjom Declaration and the North Korea and U.S. summit and explore the roles of Korean church within them. The Korean peninsula met the year of 2018 hoping for the spring of reunification. North Korean leader Kim Jong-un and U.S. President Donald Trump posed mutual oral threats in the first of this year, escalating war tensions on the peninsula. However, the New Berlin Declaration and efforts for peaceful reunification mediated by President Moon Jae-in led to the Third bilateral summit between two Koreas and eventually the Panmunjom Declaration was promulgated. This declaration led to the North Korea and U.S. summit in which Donald Trump and Kim Jong-un were reunited. Now the joint goal of denuclearization on the Korean peninsula was set up. Yet mismatch happens towards denuclearization. We first need to recognize why the North Korean leader changed his attitude. He understood that nuclear test and successful missile experiments do not guarantee his regime. In addition, there was a core reason in the shifted attitude of the U.S. President Trump. He did not consider talk with North Korea in the first year of last year. However, he made good political judgments that addressing the North Korean nuclear issue before the mid-term election on November is quite advantageous. Despite of the joint goal of denuclearization arisen from the bilateral talk, both countries suggest different approaches. The U.S. defines “Pre-abolishing nuclear and Post-compensation,” while the North Korea wanted “gradual denuclearization” to avoid negative cases such as Libya, Ukraine, and Iran. Herein the mediating role of South Korea is vital. Although results from the U.S.-North Korea summit were skeptical, the blueprint of “the denuclearization and peace process among Moon-Kim-Trump” was produced. It is now important to consider “trust between nations” and “behavior to behavior” after the negotiation. The author explored the roles of church amid this international political affairs. First, the South Korean church can contribute to achieving this cultural peace between South Korea and North Korea. Cultural peace brings structural peace and direct peace. Moreover, it should continue to support North Korea via Korean Christian Federation. This service has been devoted by many church institutions in terms of humanitarianism under tough situations. The South Korean church can cooperate with the world church federation in urging the formation of trusts among nations and carrying out the negotiation. The National Council of Churches in Korea (NCCK) is devoting following the steps of this course. Lastly, it should continue to providing the reunification instruction for the next generation. Unification instruction is necessary for the next generation who considers reunification as negative. It can succeed the valuable tradition of reunification movement in this practice.