본문 바로가기
KERD
논문KCI 등재

To sponsor or not to sponsor: Transgressions are unequally detrimental

1

조회

0

다운로드

0

인용

0

참고문헌

키워드

주제분류경영학

초록

Extant research in endorsements has widely examined the impacts of scandals on the evaluations of tarnished endorsers and endorsed brands. However, less is known about the impacts of specifi c scandal characteristics on tarnished endorsers and endorsed brands. Capitalizing on the cue-diagnosticity theory, this study investigates the infl uence of transgression relevance and severity on the evaluations of athlete endorsers and endorsed brands. The results indicate that transgression severity and relevance yield diff erent patterns of erosion on endorser expertise, endorser images, and endorsed brands. Specifi cally, high-severity transgressions are more detrimental than low-severity transgressions to brand evaluations. However, high-relevance transgressions are more detrimental than low-relevance transgressions only when the severity of transgression is high. Severe transgressions are not severely detrimental unless the transgressions are highly relevant to the expertise of the athlete endorsers. Thus, the consideration of sponsorship termination for tarnished athlete endorsers should be hierarchical. It is plausible to terminate the sponsorship for tarnished endorsers involved in severe and relevant transgressions. However, some tolerance may be given for athlete endorsers involved in severe, but irrelevant, transgressions.

Abstract

Extant research in endorsements has widely examined the impacts of scandals on the evaluations of tarnished endorsers and endorsed brands. However, less is known about the impacts of specifi c scandal characteristics on tarnished endorsers and endorsed brands. Capitalizing on the cue-diagnosticity theory, this study investigates the infl uence of transgression relevance and severity on the evaluations of athlete endorsers and endorsed brands. The results indicate that transgression severity and relevance yield diff erent patterns of erosion on endorser expertise, endorser images, and endorsed brands. Specifi cally, high-severity transgressions are more detrimental than low-severity transgressions to brand evaluations. However, high-relevance transgressions are more detrimental than low-relevance transgressions only when the severity of transgression is high. Severe transgressions are not severely detrimental unless the transgressions are highly relevant to the expertise of the athlete endorsers. Thus, the consideration of sponsorship termination for tarnished athlete endorsers should be hierarchical. It is plausible to terminate the sponsorship for tarnished endorsers involved in severe and relevant transgressions. However, some tolerance may be given for athlete endorsers involved in severe, but irrelevant, transgressions.

참고문헌 (40)

  1. Ahluwalia, R., "Consumer response to negative publicity : The moderating role of commitment", Journal of Marketing Research, 37, pp.203~214 (2000)
  2. Ahluwalia, R., "The moderating role of commitment on the spillover effect of marketing communications", Journal of Marketing Research, 38, pp.458~470 (2001)
  3. Amos, C., "Exploring the relationship between celebrity endorser effects and advertising effectiveness", International Journal of Advertising, 27, pp.209~234 (2008)
  4. Anderson, N. H., "Foundations of information integration theory" (1981), Academic Press
  5. Bailey, A. A., "Public information and consumer skepticism eff ects on celebrity endorsements : Studies among young consumers", Journal of Marketing Communications, 13, pp.85~107 (2007)
  6. Baron, R. M., "The moderator-mediator variable distinction in social psychological research : Conceptual, strategic, and statistical considerations", Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 51, pp.1173~1182 (1986)
  7. Bartz, S., "When a celebrity endorser is disgraced : A twenty five-year event study", Marketing Letter, 24, pp.131~141 (2013)
  8. Belch, G. E., "A content analysis study of the use of celebrity endorsers in magazine advertising", International Journal of Advertising, 32, pp.369~389 (2013)
  9. Carrillat, F. A., "For better, for worse? What to do when celebrity endorsements go bad", Journal of Advertising Research, 53, pp.15~30 (2013)
  10. "Athletes who've lost endorsements after scandals" (2012)[URL]
  11. Chatterjee, P., "The endowment effect as self-enhancement in response to threat", Journal of Consumer Research, 40, pp.460~476 (2013)
  12. Dawar, N., "Brand crises : The roles of brand familiarity and crisis relevance in determining the impact on brand evaluations", Journal of Business Research, 62, pp.509~516 (2009)
  13. Eisend, M., "Immediate and delayed advertising effects of celebrity endorsers’attractiveness and expertise", International Journal of Advertising, 29, pp.527~546 (2010)
  14. Erdogan, B. Z., "Towards a practitioner-based model of selecting celebrity endorsers", International Journal of Advertising, 19, pp.25~42 (2000)
  15. Fiske, S. T., "Attention and weight in person perception : The impact of negative and extreme behavior", Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 38, pp.889~906 (1980)
  16. Fong, C. P. S., "Consumers’ reactions to a celebrity endorser scandal", Psychology & Marketing, 29, pp.885~896 (2012)
  17. Gürhan-Canli, Z., "Determinants of country-of-origin evaluations", Journal of Consumer Research, 27, pp.96~108 (2000)
  18. Kahle, L. B., "Physical attractiveness of celebrity endorsers : A social adaptation perspective", Journal of Consumer Research, 11, pp.954~961 (1985)
  19. Kanouse, D. E., "Negativity in evaluations" (1972), General Learning Press
  20. Klar, Y., "Linking structures and sensitivity to judgment-relevant information in statistical and logical reasoning tasks", Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 59, pp.841~858 (1990)
  21. Knittel, C. R., "Celebrity endorsements, firm value, and reputation risk : Evidence from the tiger woods scandal", Management Science, 60, pp.21~37 (2014)
  22. Joon Sung Lee, "Coping with Athlete Endorsers’ Immoral Behavior: Roles of Athlete Identification and Moral Emotions on Moral Reasoning Strategies", Journal of Sport Management, 30(2), pp.176~191 (2016), Human Kinetics[DOI]
  23. Louie, T. A., "Consumer response to a firm’s endorser (dis)association decisions", Journal of Advertising, 31, pp.41~52 (2002)
  24. Louie, T. A., "When bad things happen to the endorsers of good products", Marketing Letters, 12, pp.13~23 (2001)
  25. McCroskey, J. C., "Fundamentals of human communication: An interpersonal perspective" (1996), Waveland Press
  26. Money, R. B., "Celebrity Endorsements in Japan and the United States: Is Negative Information All That Harmful?", Journal of Advertising Research., 46(1), pp.113~123 (2006)
  27. Ohanian, R., "Construction and validation of a scale to measure celebrity endorsers' perceived expertise, trustworthiness, and attractiveness", Journal of Advertising, 19, pp.39~52 (1990)
  28. Ohanian, R., "The impact of celebrity spokespersons’ perceived image on consumers’ intention to purchase", Journal of Advertising Research, 31, pp.46~54 (1991)
  29. Petty, R. E., "Central and peripheral routes to advertising effectiveness : The moderating role of involvement", Journal of Consumer Research, 10, pp.135~146 (1983)
  30. Pierro, A., "Relevance override : On the reduced impact of"cues"under high-motivation conditions of persuasion studies", Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 86, pp.251~264 (2004)
  31. Pikas, B., "Assessing the qualities of athlete endorsers : A study of consumer preferences for the three qualities of sports endorsers’ attractiveness, trustworthiness, and expertise", Journal of Marketing Development and Competitiveness, 6, pp.42~55 (2012)
  32. Rice, D. H., "Multiple endorsers and multiple endorsements : The influence of message repetition, source congruence and involvement on brand attitudes", Journal of Consumer Psychology, 22, pp.249~259 (2012)
  33. Skowronski, J. J., "Social judgment and social memory : The role of cue diagnosticity in negativity, positivity, and extremity biases", Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 52, pp.689~699 (1987)
  34. Skowronski, J. J., "Negativity and extremity biases in impression formation : A review of explanations", Psychological Bulletin, 105, pp.131~142 (1989)
  35. Steele, C. M., "Advances in Experimental Social Psychology", pp.261~302 (1988), Academic Press
  36. Till, B. D., "Endorsers in advertising : The case of negative celebrity information", Journal of Advertising, 27, pp.67~82 (1998)
  37. Townsend, C., "Self-affirmation through the choice of highly aesthetic products", Journal of Consumer Research, 39, pp.256~269 (2013)
  38. Tzoumaka, E., "Delineating the role of endorser’s perceived qualities and consumer characteristics on celebrity endorsement effectiveness", Journal of Marketing Communications, 22, pp.307~326 (2016)
  39. Nam-Hyun Um, "Determinants for Effects of Celebrity Negative Information: When to Terminate a Relationship with a Celebrity Endorser in Trouble?", Psychology & Marketing, 33(10), pp.864~874 (2016), Wiley[DOI]
  40. Wyer, R. S., "Cognitive organization and change: An information-processing approach" (1974), Lawrence Erlbaum Associates

관련 논문AI추천

이 간행물의 다른 논문 (6건)