우곡간 침식에 미치는 식생과 사면경사의 영향
Effect of Canopy and Slope Degree on Interrill Erosion
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사면경사가 임내와 임외의 우곡간 침식에 미치는 영향을 평가하고자 6개의 실험구를 임내와 임외에 사면경사 10도, 20도 그리고 30도에 각각 설치하였다. 임내에서의 침식율과 좋은 관계를 보인 긴 시간의 강우강도는 임내의 수관차단효과를 반영하는 것으로, 긴 시간의 강우강도는 임내에서의 침식율을 산정하는데 유용한 인자로 보여진다. 임외에서는 사면경사가 증가함에 따라 상관율이 좋은 강우강도의 시간간격도 증가하고 있다. 그리하여 임외에서 침식에 미치는 강우특성과 사면경사의 영향은 임내에서의 영향보다 복잡한 것으로 나타났다. 침식율에 미친 사면경사의 영향을 평가하기 위하여 실험결과와 다른 기존의 모델들에서의 경향과 비교해 보았을 때, 본 침식율 실험결과는 강우강도의 영향이 면상류에 의한 퇴적물의 견인력보다 크게 작용한 것을 의미하였다. 결론적으로 임내에서의 침식율에 미친 식생의 차단효과를 고려할 때에는 긴 시간의 강우강도가 유효한 인자로 평가 될 수 있으며, 임내와 임외에서의 침식율에 미친 사면경사의 영향을 평가하기 위해서는 실험구 크기효과를 고려해야 할 것이다.
Abstract
To study the effect of slope degree on interrill erosion, soil loss plots on open site and undercanopy site were installed different slope degrees; 10, 20 and 30 degree, respectively. Under canopy site, therainfall intensities of long time interval showed a good correlation with erosion rate and it may be reflected bycanopy interception. This result implied that 3hour rainfall intensity and total rainfall may be effective toevaluate soil erosion under canopy. On open site, however, the correlation between the erosion rate and therainfall indices varied with slope angles. The comparison between observed and simulated erosion patternswith slope angles implied that rainfall intensity may be more effective factor on interrill erosion of erosion plotsrather than sheet flow. Consequently, we suggest that the rainfall intensity of long time interval would be agood factor to evaluate the erosion rate under canopy and the scale effects of erosion plot have to beconsidered to study the effect of slope angle on interrill erosion.
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