진 리스의 『매켄지 씨를 떠난 후』에 나타난 수치심
Shame in Jean Rhys’s After Leaving Mr Mackenzie
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This essay examines shame in Jean Rhys’s After Leaving Mr Mackenzie as a gendered and ambivalent emotion. Drawing upon feminist studies on shame, I first discuss the ways in which Julia, an impoverished and isolated Englishwoman in Paris, is socially sentenced to ‘female shame’ as a punishment for transgressing gender norms and being a ‘bad’ woman. Although Julia appears to be eternally shamed, humiliated, and isolated, feeling a strong desire towards ‘covering the face’ and self-effacement, she also wants to be heard and understood. This self-contradictory desire to cover herself, on the one hand, and to uncover her life, on the other, points to the very characteristic of shame—that is, ambivalence. Since Silvan Tomkins’s account of shame as a primary negative affect that is activated by “the incomplete reduction of interest or joy,” shame has been understood as a highly ambivalent emotion. Not only does the ambivalent nature of shame characterize Julia’s emotional life, but it is reflected in the novel’s narrative stance that partly reveals Julia’s emotion while denying readers full access to it. In conclusion, the gendered and ambivalent workings of shame in After Leaving Mr Mackenzie speaks to the social and relational nature of the seemingly personal feeling.
Abstract
This essay examines shame in Jean Rhys’s After Leaving Mr Mackenzie as a gendered and ambivalent emotion. Drawing upon feminist studies on shame, I first discuss the ways in which Julia, an impoverished and isolated Englishwoman in Paris, is socially sentenced to ‘female shame’ as a punishment for transgressing gender norms and being a ‘bad’ woman. Although Julia appears to be eternally shamed, humiliated, and isolated, feeling a strong desire towards ‘covering the face’ and self-effacement, she also wants to be heard and understood. This self-contradictory desire to cover herself, on the one hand, and to uncover her life, on the other, points to the very characteristic of shame—that is, ambivalence. Since Silvan Tomkins’s account of shame as a primary negative affect that is activated by “the incomplete reduction of interest or joy,” shame has been understood as a highly ambivalent emotion. Not only does the ambivalent nature of shame characterize Julia’s emotional life, but it is reflected in the novel’s narrative stance that partly reveals Julia’s emotion while denying readers full access to it. In conclusion, the gendered and ambivalent workings of shame in After Leaving Mr Mackenzie speaks to the social and relational nature of the seemingly personal feeling.
참고문헌 (22)
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