사구이동성 지표를 통해 본 해안사구의 발달과 기후와의 관계
The study of the relationship between coastal dune development and climate through dune mobility indices
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바람, 모래, 식생, 지형 등이 밀접한 관련을 맺고 발달하는 해안사구 시스템의 전사구의 모래 나지는 내륙으로의 모래 이동의 공급원이 되며 그 크기는 기후와 관련이 깊다. 모래 이동률과 기후와의 관계에 대한 연구는 내륙, 사막 사구지대에서 사구 이동성 지표를 통해 이루어져왔다. 이렇게 활용되어 온 지표가 해안 사구 지대에도 적용할 수 있는지를 미국 해안사구 지대 22곳을 사례로 살펴보았다. 대표적인 사구이동성 지표인 Lancaster와 Tsoar의 지표 중에 Lancaster의 것이 해안사구의 모래 나지의 크기를 설명할 수 있었다. 이 지표 내에서 특별히 연평균 강수량이 99% 신뢰 수준에서 52%로 해안사구의 전사구 지역에 나타나는 모래 나지의 크기를 설명할 수 있었다. 나머지 기후 변수 중, 연평균 잠재증발산량은 미 대륙의 몇 개의 해안을 제외하고는 변별력이 없었으며 풍력도 미 해안 사구지대의 전사구에 나타나는 모래 나지의 크기를 설명할 수 없었는데 이것은 아마도 내륙, 사막 사구와는 달리 비교적 충분한 강수량으로 인해 많아진 식생피복과 관련이 있을 것으로 예상된다.
Abstract
Bare sand areas of foredunes in coastal sand dune systems that develop in relation with wind, sand, vegetation, and geomorphology act as a source of wind-blown sand inland and their size is strongly related to climate. Studies of the relationship between sand transport and climate have been conducted through studies of sand dune mobility indices for inland or desert dune fields. This study investigated whether such mobility indices could be applied to coastal dune fields. Two indices, Lancaster’s and Tsoar’s, were tested in this study. It is found that the size of bare sand areas of foredunes in coastal dune systems can be better explained by Lancaster’s mobility index than by Tsoar’s. Among climate variables, annual mean precipitation can explain the size of bare sand area by 52% at 99% of confidence level. Potential evapotranspiration and wind power are not decisive factors for bare sand areas. This may be because study areas are well vegetated due to abundant precipitation.
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