자힐리야 시(詩)의 전승(傳承)에 관한 연구 : 자힐리야 시대부터 압바스 시대 초기까지 구전을 중심으로

Abstract

This study dealt with the transmission of the Jāhilī(pre-Islamic) poems and focused on several aspects of the oral traditions of the poems from the Jāhilī Age to the early Abbasid Era. The following includes an abstract of important arguments from my research and my opinions of the Jāhilī poetry. The existence of most Jāhilī poems owed it to the oral traditions rather than to the written method of preservation by the scribes. There are different views concerning this issue, but according to past Arabic studies, the oral traditions of Jāhilī poems were given much more weight. The appearance of many schools of oral transmitters in the Jāhilī Age verified this argument. In the Islamic period, the transmission of Jāhilī poems continued and society had an increasing interest in the oral traditions of the old poems. I think that this phenomenon is attributed to several reasons such as the collection of data for compiling genealogy of the Arab tribes, the strengthening of the tribal bonds, the inclination of the Umayyad dynasty to Arabism, and the increase of interests in Jāhilī poems told by storytellers and poets. Oral transmitters in the Jāhilī Age and the Islamic Era played an important role in preserving much of the Jāhilī poems, although they were not preserved in complete form. Additionally, the specialists of oral traditions and scholars of poetic traditions from the late Umayyad Era to the early Abbasid Era contributed to preserving much of the Jāhilī poems and they continued the oral traditions of passing the poems to the next generation. Several specialists of the poetic traditions personally scribed them as a way of preserving the poems; however, official recording and compiling of the Jāhilī poems were usually done by scholars of poetic traditions who received orders from the rulers. In conjunction with this research, I would like to make a proposal to study the relationship between the oral traditions of the Jāhilī poems and the musical attributes of the poems on one hand, and the relationship between the poetic traditions and the shamanist factors on the other hand. This will be based on the fact that Arab people from ancient times had a tendency to prefer oral traditions and recitations and they paid great respects to the poets by regarding them as special people with spiritual power.