타자성의 윤리--쿳시의『철의 시대』
Ethics of the Other: J.M. Coetzee's Age of Iron
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Abstract
The question of the other has been a core of critiques of Western metaphysics for the last half century, with Derrida at the center of these critiques. This paper aims to examine how Coetzee's Age of Iron embodies the ethics and responsibility towards the other in relation to Derrida's sense of ethics and responsibility. According to Derrida, thought itself is constituted through the exclusion or oppression of the other which cannot be appropriated into the same. Thus for Derrida the ethical responsibility towards the other is a committed response to the call of the other as the uncalculable, ungraspable, even though it risks destroying one's own thought. Age of Iron demonstrates this notion of Derrida's ethical responsibility toward the other through the heroine, Elizabeth Curren. It shows the process through which Curren's ideology and sense of value fall apart, the process Spivak calls "to learn privilege as loss." This process is developed on two levels. One is through facing the black youths who devote themselves to the political resistance and come to death. Through them Curren comes to question her principle of liberal humanism and realizes its limits. Her attitude toward them, especially John, is an attempt to establish a relationship with those that resist her thought and an endeavor to open herself to the uncalculable otherness. The second level comes through facing Vercueil, a derelict whose otherness is different from the historical otherness of black youths. He requires a response to what the political instrumentalism has excluded or oppressed. Curren's decision to make Vercueil the deliverer of her final letter can be seen as an ethical response to otherness, one that is neither graspable nor predictable since Vercuil appears to be the last man to be trusted to take responsibility for anything.
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