Edgar Allan Poe and he Search for an ＂American＂ Audience and an ＂American＂ Literary Tradition
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Edgar Allan Poe remains an anomaly of American literary culture as exemplified in F. O. Matthiessen’s unsuccessful attempts to categorize the poet. As a result, it is still unclear as to whether Poe can and should be regarded as an aristocratic man of letters in the British tradition, an American master and innovator of the nineteenth century, or an aesthete in a self-contained world of art apart from historical reality. Rather than choosing a categorical label for the poet, this paper argues that Poe was extremely conscious of his reading public, and that an awareness of an audience and constant attempts to please that audience were the main impetus behind his writing and publishing. The evolution of Poe’s verse--one of the main problems behind the critical conflict and disparity--reveals Poe to be an artist with a “genuine concern” for the social life of his country which would and did affect his popularity and ability to make a living from his art as a professional poet. Poe therefore proves to have been a poet in search of an American audience, but more significantly a man in search of the definition of an “American” poet.
Abstract
Edgar Allan Poe remains an anomaly of American literary culture as exemplified in F. O. Matthiessen’s unsuccessful attempts to categorize the poet. As a result, it is still unclear as to whether Poe can and should be regarded as an aristocratic man of letters in the British tradition, an American master and innovator of the nineteenth century, or an aesthete in a self-contained world of art apart from historical reality. Rather than choosing a categorical label for the poet, this paper argues that Poe was extremely conscious of his reading public, and that an awareness of an audience and constant attempts to please that audience were the main impetus behind his writing and publishing. The evolution of Poe’s verse--one of the main problems behind the critical conflict and disparity--reveals Poe to be an artist with a “genuine concern” for the social life of his country which would and did affect his popularity and ability to make a living from his art as a professional poet. Poe therefore proves to have been a poet in search of an American audience, but more significantly a man in search of the definition of an “American” poet.
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