燕行錄의 ‘코끼리’ 記事와 朴趾源의 「象記」

Abstract

This paper looked at how the contents of the story changed and passed through 「sangbang」 to 「sanggi」 by tracing the story related the an elephant printed in yonghaengrok(i.e. records on envoys' visits to Peking) prior to 「yeolhailgi」. First, in the description of the elephant in 「yonghaengrok」, Park,Jiwon started its description at a level of introduction of simply an spectacle as a weird thing, and then gradually made a concrete portrayal through close observation and at length, went forward with a description of an indescribable complicated shape of it with the preparation of a clue to his thoughts by mobilizing a message and questioning. Such an aspect is actually identified by going through with Huh Bong's 「jocheongi」, Inpyong daegun's 「yondoilgi」, Kim, Changeop's 「yonhaengilgi」,and Hong, Daeyong's 「Damhenyongi」. Second, Park, Jiwon's 「Sangbang」 identified the elephant's looks like a mystical animal through the detailed description of the outer appearance of an elephant based on his observation and more in-depth grasping of the shortage of its description through questioning. In the process like this, Park, Jiwon managed to naturally expose the elephant as an intelligent animal assuming double sidedness, and particularly the content that the elephant was difficult to handle forcibly when it wouldn't try to move autonomously, was emphasized comparing to the previous 「yonhaengrok」. Third, Park, Jiwon's 「sanggi」 is roughly divided into two paragraphs;its former paragraph is a fragmentary story related to the elephant while the latter paragraph is a kind of argument written by citing the elephant. To look at its composition, it is characterized by the fact that the content focusing on double-sidedness of the elephant in 「sangbang」 is linked to 「sanggi」 as it is, with the addition of some episodes. and such sub-paragraphs were devised to accurately be responded against the latter argument paragraph. After all, the materials related to the elephant used for 「sanggi」 were already easily available in previously written 「yeonhaengrok」,and Park, Jiwon laid foundation for integrating those materials into one theme with specific parts of those emphasized in his work 「sanbang」, finally creating 「sanggi」 which is rated as a writing of outstanding merit.