雲養 金允植의 詩論과 批評 고찰

Abstract

Un Yang Kim Yunsik(1835~1922), a late Chosun-dynasty bureaucrat and writer, left important marks in literature and poetry by combining and systematizing the literary theories of different scholars. He displayed writing based on the idea of maintaining traditional culture while accepting western civilization (東道西器論). In 『Unyangjip』, Kim Yunsik’s collection, there are around 450 prose and 1,574 pieces of poetry. He wrote poetry based on systematic poetry theory, which shows the following theory when analyzed. His poetics theory is condensed into three things. Firstly, natural expression of character and elaboration of sentences is emphasized. And Kim Yunsik strove for knowledge through reading as the basis of creation. He argued that the basis of creation lies in building a wide spectrum of knowledge and obtaining topics for new pieces; poetry without such basis lowers the class of the piece. Lately, he strove for the level of Shinoon in writing poetry. Assuming correct nature, Kim Yunsik aimed for the level of Sin(神 )in writing poetry which surpasses the scene of the heart which surpasses the scene of the eye. Such level is that of being able to interact with people of distant past by going to places and times that one has never been to by transcending space and time. This is an important feature of the poetic theory of Kim Yunsik. Kim Yun-sik's poetic theory has such an organic structure that his logic does not come from momentary appreciation, but from a long period of thought over the roots of literature. Therefore, it is more persuasive and evokes sympathy from readers. Kim Yun-sik also actively engaged in criticism of poems and aligned theory with practice. His criticism method can be divided into a method that analyzes the style of a target work and a method that evaluates it based on the poetry of Tang Dynasty. In the case of theory of style, he used the words such as 'clarity(淸)' and 'magnificence(雄)', but prioritized '淸' among them. By using the poets of Tang Dynasty such as Du Fu and the poetry of Tang Dynasty as the basis of criticism, he tried to secure objectivity by making a systematic criticism of his own. Kim Yun-sik has also left a lot of creative works, built a high-quality poetic theory through deep thought about the essence of literature, and showed the literary reality in which creation, theory and criticism form a complete whole by attempting independent criticism in real-life criticism. In particular, I hope that his literary and historical status and significance will be further clarified by examining the facts of the criticism that appeared in 『Seokjeongsicho(石貞詩鈔)』.