한ㆍ일 신을 가장한 사기담의 양상과 의미 - <승의 악행>과 <불새의 신탁>을 중심으로

Abstract

This study examines the distinct characteristics and their meanings of the tales of the two countries by selecting two stories composed by a motif of ‘Trick in the guise of God,’ analyzing their contents, and comparing them with those of the neighboring country. As for the targets of discussion, Korean tales, <A Monk's Evil Deeds> and <Firebird’s Oracle>, and Japanese tales, <Cow Marriage> and <Dove Lantern Procession>, are selected. The tales in which the tricks in guise of God end up failing are <A Monk's Evil Deeds> and <Cow Marriage>. The goals of the tricks are marriage and there are confrontations between good and evil. In case of <A Monk's Evil Deeds> of Korea, motifs of ‘prayer of widowed mother’ and ‘cruel death of a crafty man’ are revealed. This means the maximization of the binary confrontation between good and evil leads to the punishment of crafty men. The Japanese tale of <Cow Marriage> has none of trick motif or its modified one and there is no crafty man who comes to the death. This is a phenomenon caused by the weakening of the confrontation between good and evil. The tales in which the tricks in guise of God end up succeeding are <Firebird’s Oracle> and <Dove Lantern Procession>. The goals of the tricks are usually marriage and the character conflict centered on the trick reflects the structure of class conflict. <Firebird’s Oracle> reveals the combination of motifs of ‘rejected courtship’ and ‘taming in-laws’ along with the character of ‘an extraordinary protagonist.’ This can be understood as an attempt to induce the victory of the subjugated class by deepening the confrontation between strata. <Dove Lantern Procession> of Japan also involves characteristic illustration of ‘a crafty man who became a new man(改過遷善)’ as well as an extraordinary protagonist called ‘Netaro(寝太郎).’ The transformation can be accepted as ethical changes to link fraud to the result of ‘happiness’. The transformation of motif, focusing on ‘Trick in the Guise of God’, was the result of reflection of enjoying tale readers’ unconsciousness to link unethical deeds of ‘trick’ with success and failure. In the Korean tales, by maximizing the conflict between evil and good, evil was punished and those in power were made fun of. Through this, it is possible to read the heroic sense of common people and their desire to realize new values. On the other hand, in Japanese tales, it can be seen that enjoying tale readers sought stability and coexistence of social order by weakening the conflict between good and evil and resolving the struggle between classes.