한국어 부치사 ‘-에게’의 문법화에 대하여
Some Remarks on the Grammaticalization of the Adposition ‘-eykey’ in Korean
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This paper investigates the grammatical status of the adposition/postposition ‘-eykey’ and its multiple functions in synchronic and diachronic perspectives. We first argue, using the diagnostics employed by Urushibara (1991), that ‘-eykey’ is not a case marker but a postposition. We then examine the historical development of ‘-eykey’, finding that it is historically derived from a morphologically complex form consisting of ‘-uy (Genitive particle) + -ku (demonstrative) + -ey (adverbial particle)’. Since an animate noun cannot be directly suffixed with the adverbial particle, it has the demonstrative (pronoun) added before it. We move on to argue that though ‘-eykey’ is composed of the locative or place particle ‘–ey’, the former diverges from the latter in its functions, especially in its use as a goal or source marker. We attribute this asymmetry to the morphological complexity of ‘-eykey’, relative to ‘-ey’. But this asymmetry is not attested in its use as a recipient marker in transfer-denoting verbs like ‘cwu-’ (give) or ‘ponay-’ (send). Meanwhile, we also argue that its use as an actor/effector marker in the passive construction comes from its use in the causative construction since in Korean, the former construction is derived from the latter.
Abstract
This paper investigates the grammatical status of the adposition/postposition ‘-eykey’ and its multiple functions in synchronic and diachronic perspectives. We first argue, using the diagnostics employed by Urushibara (1991), that ‘-eykey’ is not a case marker but a postposition. We then examine the historical development of ‘-eykey’, finding that it is historically derived from a morphologically complex form consisting of ‘-uy (Genitive particle) + -ku (demonstrative) + -ey (adverbial particle)’. Since an animate noun cannot be directly suffixed with the adverbial particle, it has the demonstrative (pronoun) added before it. We move on to argue that though ‘-eykey’ is composed of the locative or place particle ‘–ey’, the former diverges from the latter in its functions, especially in its use as a goal or source marker. We attribute this asymmetry to the morphological complexity of ‘-eykey’, relative to ‘-ey’. But this asymmetry is not attested in its use as a recipient marker in transfer-denoting verbs like ‘cwu-’ (give) or ‘ponay-’ (send). Meanwhile, we also argue that its use as an actor/effector marker in the passive construction comes from its use in the causative construction since in Korean, the former construction is derived from the latter.
참고문헌 (26)
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