공동연구 : 통사 변화 연구의 대상과 방법

Abstract

This paper aims to clarify the characteristics of historical syntax which treats syntactic changes. I discussed objects and methods of the discipline in this paper. Through the development of historical comparative linguistics, objects of study have centered mainly on sound and morphological changes only. Although syntactic changes had been studied far less than the above two kinds, historical syntax became activated since after 1950`s when syntax came to occupy the central place in linguistics. Uncertainty of its objects and nonexistence of strict method may be considered to be the reason why historical syntax has been neglected: Among syntactic changes are observed various phenomena like changes in the function and realizing method of grammatical category and changes in word order and constructing manner of sentence. In this paper I inquired into syntactic changes connected with reinterpretation and analogy, changes in grammatical categories and word order. Morphological change can cause syntactic reinterpretation, and syntactic changes are brought about by syntactic reinterpretation. Changes are observed in realizing method of grammatical category, and two kinds of change coexist, i. e. change into morphological level and change into syntactic level. And cliticization leads to word order changes. Transformational generative grammar may serve as a real method for explaining syntactic changes. TG grammarians regard syntactic changes as changes in linguistic competence. And recently linguists would explain syntactic changes in viewpoints of language typology and sociolinguistics.