Linking Regularity between Semantics and Syntax in Korean: Unaccusative and Unergative Verb Consturctions
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Abstract
This paper deals with Korean intransitive two-argument constructions which have a nominative argument and a non-nominative locative argument. This construction will be called a locative intransitive construction. First of all, we will show that these constructions can formally be divided into two subclasses; also we will come to see that these subclasses correspond to, respectively, unaccusative verb constructions and unergative verb constructions. Secondly, we will find that in terms of thematic roles, each of these subclasses constitute a homogeneous group, and are thus clearly distinguishable semantically. The locative intransitive construction in Korean can be divided into constructions where the nominative argument acts as subject(= unergative verb constructions) and constructions where it acts, not as subject, but as object, although not being an accusative argument(= unaccusative verb constructions). This division is confirmed through various syntactical tests on quantifier floating, plural copying of ‘-tul’, canonic word order, VP-preposing, multiple subject construction, honorification by ‘-si-’, etc. However, these formally divided constructions show an equal division also in thematic roles. In the case of unergative verb constructions, the nominative argument takes the role of Agent, while the nominative argument of unaccusative verb constructions takes the role of Theme.
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