서해연안 상세해상을 통한 천해조석 및 조석비대칭 재현
Reproduction of Shallow Tides and Tidal Asymmetry by Using Finely Resolved Grid on the West Coast of Korea
2
조회
0
다운로드
8
인용
0
참고문헌
키워드
초록
황해 조석모의를 위한 유한요소 격자체계가 h-상세화에 의해 구축되어 이전연구(서, 1999b) 14 K 절점에 비해 210 K로 연안지역 해상이 특별하게 고려되었다. 격자생성시 인접절점간 수심변화, 무차원 조석파장비가 고려되어 전체절점의 약 1/4이 수심 5 m 내외 연안역에 집중적으로 분포되었다. 수심에 ETOPO1 및 30초 정밀자료가 적용되었고 개방경계에 FES2004로부터 자동추출된 8대분조가 정의되었다. 조석모의에는 비선형 3차원 조화모형이 수립되었으며, 연직난류와 바닥마찰계수의 변화에 따른 서해연안의 조석확폭이 모의되었고, 8대분조 및 M4, MS4 등 비선형 천해조석과 Mf 및 Msf의 장주기 등이 재현되었다. 천문조뿐만 아니라 비선형 항의 반복에 의해 계산되는 천해조 해석결과에 마찰계수의 공간적변화가 미치는 영향이 지대하여, 조석 주기별로 다른 값을 적용하는 것이 제시되었다. 조석 비대칭성 분포를 파악하고자 진폭비 M4/M2와 위상차 2g(M2)-g(M4)를 계산하였는데, 우리나라 서해연안에 조석왜곡 비율이 0.2에 다다르는 등 천해역 특성이 뚜렷하며 목포해역 전면에 폭넓은 낙조우세가 재현되었다.
Abstract
Finite element grid system using h-refinement on the Yellow Sea was constructed based on previous study (Suh, 1999b) from 14 K to 210 K and special attention was concentrated on refining the coastal zone. In grid generation, depth change between adjacent points and non-dimensional tidal wave length ratio were considered. As a result approximately a quarter of the total nodes are located nearby 5 m of shallow area. Accurate bathymetry data using 30’s and ETOPO1 with open boundary conditions of 8 major tidal constituents extracted automatically from FES2004 have been applied. In tidal simulation a 3-dimensional nonlinear harmonic model was setup and tidal amplification due to changes in vertical turbulent and bottom friction were simulated. In this study not only 8 major tidal constituents but also nonlinear shallow tides M4, MS4 and long period Mf, Msf were reproduced. It is found that implication of spatial variation of friction coefficient plays a very important role in reproduction of astronomical and shallow tides which are computed by iterative computation of nonlinear terms. Also it should be considered differently with respect to tidal periods. To understand the distribution of tidal asymmetry, amplitude ratio of M4/M2 and phase differences 2g(M2)-g(M4) were calculated. Tidal distortion ratio marks up to 0.2 on the west coast showing shallow coastal characteristics and somewhat wide range of ebb-dominances in front of Mokpo area are reproduced.
참고문헌 (41)
- 김경옥, "유한요소모형을 이용한 황해 및 동중국해의 조석산정", 석사, pp.2000
- 박철민, "황해 남동부 해역에서 비선형항에 의한 M2 분석의 반응과 M4 분석의 생성에 대한 수치실험 연구", 석사, pp.1995
- 서승남, "한국 주변해역 30초 격자수심 - KorBathy30s", 한국해안·해양공학회논문집, 20(1), pp.110~120 (2008), 한국해안,해양공학회
- 서승원, "3차원 유한요소모형을 이용한 황해 및 동중국해의조석 수동역학 해석", 대한토목학회논문집, 19(3), pp.375~387 (1999)
- 서승원, "비선형 3차원 조화유한요소모형을 이용한 황해의천해조석 발생", 대한토목학회논문집, 19(3), pp.389~399 (1999)
- 서승원, "유한요소 수동역학 모형에서의 질량보존 평가", 대한토목학회논문집, 20(2), pp.305~315 (2000)
- 서승원, "병렬 클러스터 시스템 구축 및 유한요소모형을 이용한 황해 조석재현", 한국해안·해양공학회논문집, 19(1), pp.1~15 (2007), 한국해안,해양공학회
- 서승원, "황해 및 북서태평양 확장해역 정밀조석모의", 한국해안·해양공학회논문집, 23(3), pp.205~214 (2011), 한국해안,해양공학회
- 정태성, "목포해력 낙조류 우세현상의 수치모의", 한국해안·해양공학회논문집, 22(5), pp.333~343 (2010), 한국해안,해양공학회
- 최병호, "병렬 FEM 모형을 이용한 1983년 동해 중부 지진해일 시뮬레이션", 한국해안·해양공학회논문집, 18(1), pp.21~34 (2006), 한국해안,해양공학회
- 해일피해 예측 정밀격자 수치모델구축 및 설계해면 추산 연구보고서, "해양연구원", ~ (2010)
- 해안침수예상도 제작 및 보급 보고서, "해양조사원", ~ (2011)
- Amante, C, "ETOPO1 1 arc-minute globalrelief model: procedures, data sources and analysis", pp.19~ (2009)
- Ceyhan, E., "Towards a faster and improved ADCIRC(ADvanced Multi-Dimensional CIRCulation) model", J. of CoastalResearch, 50, pp.949~954 (2007)
- China Ocean Press, "Marine atlas of Bohai Sea, Yellow sea" (1992), China Sea hydrology
- Chu, P, "Development, implementation andvalidation of an ADCIRC-based operational coast forecast system", ADICRC 2010 workshop (2010)
- Davis, A.M, "The influence of eddy viscosityparameterization and turbulence energy closure scheme uponthe coupling of tidal and wind induced currents", Estuarine andCoastal and Shelf Science, 53, pp.415~436 (2001)
- Dietrich, J.C., "Mass residualsas a criterion for mesh refinement in continuous Galerkin shallowwater models", J. of Hydraulic Engineering, 134(5), pp.520~532 (2008)
- Dietrich, J.C., "Modeling hurricane waves and storm surge using integrallycoupled,scalable computations", Coastal Engineering, 58, pp.45~65 (2011)
- Foreman, M.G.G., "A tidal model for eastern Juan de Fuca Strait andthe southern Strait of Georgia", J. of Geophysical Research, 100(1), pp.721~740 (1995)
- Foreman, M.G.G, "Three-dimensionalmodel simulation of tides and buoyancy currents along the west coastof Vancouver Island", J. of Physical Oceanography, 27, pp.1300~1325 (1997)
- Friedrichs, C.T, "Non-linear tidal distortion inshallow well-mixed estuaries: a systhesis", Estuarine, Coastal andShelf Science, 27, pp.521~545 (1988)
- Greenberg, D.A., "Resolution issues in numerical models of oceanic andcoastal circulation", Continental Shelf Research, 27(9), pp.1317~343 (2007)
- Grenier, R.R., "A comparisonof the nonlinear frictional characteristics of two-dimensionaland three-dimensional models of a shallow tidal embayment", J.of Geophysical Research, 100(7), pp.13719~13735 (1995)
- Hagen, S.C., "Two-dimensional unstructured mesh generation for tidal models", Int. J. for Num. Meth. Fluids, 35, pp.669~686 (2000)
- Kang,J.W, "Changes in Tidal Characteristics as a Result of theConstruction of Sea-dike", Sea-walls in the Mokpo Coastal Zonein Korea, 1999, pp.48, 429~438
- Kolar, R.L., "Truncation erroranalysis of shallow water models based on the generalized wavecontinuity equation", Computational Methods in Water Resources XI, 2, pp.215~222 (1996)
- Lyard, F., "Modellingthe global ocean tides: a modern insight from FES2004", OceanDynamics, 56, pp.394~415 (2006)
- McDonald,C.L, "Automatic, unstructured mesh generation for2D, shelf-based tidal models", 석사, pp.2006
- Nicollea, A, "Evidence for spatially variablefriction from tidal amplification and asymmetry in the PertuisBreton (France)", Continental Shelf Research, 27(18), pp.2346~2356 (2007)
- Oliveria, A., "Mass balance inEulerian-Lagrangian transport simulations in estuaries", J. ofHydraulic engineering, 126(8), pp.605~614 (2000)
- Parker,B.B, "The relative importance of the various nonlinearmechanisms in a wide range of tidal interactions (review)" (1991), John Wiley and Sons Inc
- Parrish, D.M, "Incorporating spatially variablebottom friction and Coriolis force into 2D, a posteriori, unstructuredmesh generation for shallow water models", Int. J. for Num. Meth.Fluids, 60(3), pp.237~261 (2009)
- Snyder, R.L., "A study of tides,setup and bottom friction in a semi-enclosed basin. Part II: Tidalmodel and comparison with data", J. of Physical Oceanography, 9, pp.170~188 (1979)
- Walters,R.A, "A model for tides and currents in the EnglishChannel and southern North Sea", Advances in Water Resources, 10, pp.138~148 (1987)
- Walters, R.A, "Nonlinear generation ofovertides, compound tides and residuals in Tidal hydrodynamics" (1991), John Wiley and Sons Inc
- Walters, R.A, "Comparison of H and Pfinite element approximation of the shallow water equations", Int. J. for Num. Meth. Fluids, 24, pp.61~79 (1997)
- Walters, R.A., "Ocean tides aroundNew Zealand", New Zealand J. of Marine and Freshwater Research, 35(3), pp.567~579 (2001)
- Walters,R.A, "Coastal ocean models: two useful finite elementmethods", Cont. Shelf Research, 25, pp.775~793 (2005)
- Weaver, R.J, "2D & 3D studies withADCIRC in a long narrow channel", ADICRC 2010 workshop (2010)
- Westerink, J.J., "A basin- to channel- scale unstructuredgrid hurricane storm surge model applied to Southern Louisiana", Monthly Weather Review, pp.833~864 (2008)