P300 숨긴정보검사에 사용되는 부트스트랩 방법의 표본 크기
Sample size of bootstrap method used in P300 concealed information test
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P300 숨긴정보검사에서는 관련자극에 대한 P300 진폭이 무관련자극에 대한 P300 진폭보다 더 큰지를 평가한다. 그런데 무관련자극의 시행수가 관련자극의 시행수보다 훨씬 더 크기 때문에 관련자극에 대한 P300 진폭이 과대추정된다는 문제점이 있다. Rosenfeld 등(2008)은 이 문제에 대처하기 위하여 무관련자극의 부트스트랩 표본크기를 관련자극의 표본크기로 축소하여 사용하였다. 일반적으로 부트스트랩 표본크기는 원래의 표본크기와 동일해야만 하며, 부트스트랩 표본크기가 원래의 표본크기보다 작으면 1종 오류율이 유의수준보다 작아지는 문제가 발생한다. 본 연구의 목적은 몬테카를로 연구를 통하여 무관련자극의 부트스트랩 표본크기를 축소하는 수정된 부트스트랩 방법의 1종 오류율을 평가하고, 이러한 오류가 교정될 수 있는지 확인하는 것이다. 실험 1의 결과, 수정된 부트스트랩 방법의 1종 오류율은 약 .073으로 유의수준 .10보다 낮았다. 표준오차를 이용하여 유의수준을 교정한 부트스트랩 방법의 1종 오류율은 약 .140으로 유의수준 .10보다 더 높게 나타나, 수정된 부트스트랩 방법의 오류가 교정되지 않았다. 실험 2에서 수정된 부트스트랩 방법의 오류가 교정되지 않는 이유를 평가하기 위하여 숫자를 이용한 몬테카를로 연구를 수행하였다. 연구결과, 수정된 부트스트랩 방법의 1종 오류율은 약 .054로 유의수준 .10보다 작았으며, 교정된 부트스트랩 방법의 1종 오류율은 약 .10으로 유의수준과 동일하였다. 따라서 수정된 부트스트랩 방법의 오류가 교정되지 않는 이유는 뇌파자료의 특수성 때문인 것으로 나타났다. 이러한 오류를 극복하는 방법에 대해서 논의하였다.
Abstract
It is evaluated whether the P300 amplitude for the probe is greater than the P300 amplitude for the irrelevant in the P300 concealed information test. However, there is a problem that the P300 amplitude for the probe is overestimated because the number of trials of the irrelevant is much larger than that of the probe. Rosenfeld et al. (2008) attempted to solve this problem by reducing the bootstrap sample size of the irrelevant to the sample size of the probe. In general, the bootstrap sample size must be the same as the original sample size and the type 1 error rate becomes smaller than the significance level if the bootstrap sample size is smaller than the original sample size. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the type 1 error rate of the modified bootstrap method that reduces the bootstrap sample size of irrelevant through Monte Carlo studies and to check whether this error can be corrected. As a result of experiment 1, the type 1 error rate of the modified bootstrap method was about .073, which was lower than the significance level .10. The type 1 error rate of the adjusted bootstrap method with corrected the significance level using the standard error was about .140 which was higher than the significance level .10. Consequently, the error of the modified bootstrap method was not corrected. In order to investigate the reason why the error of the modified bootstrap method was not corrected, a Monte Carlo study using numbers was performed. In the results of experiment 2, the type 1 error rate of the modified bootstrap method was about .054, which was less than the significance level .10, and that of the adjusted bootstrap method was about .10, which was the same as the significance level. It was found that the reason why the error of the modified bootstrap method is not corrected was due to the specificity of the EEG data. The reasons why these errors are not corrected and how to solve these errors were discussed.
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