보행 방향이 생물성 움직임의 크기 지각에 미치는 영향
Effect of Walking Direction on Size Perception of Biological Motion
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초록
본 연구는 다가오거나 멀어지는 보행 방향이 크기 지각에 미치는 영향을 크기 판단 과제를 사용하여 알아보고자 하였다. 크기 판단에 사용된 자극은 진행 방향이 애매한 점빛 보행자 자극에 다가오거나 멀어지는 지각이 강조될 수 있는 음영 정보를 부가한 자극이었다. 실험 1a은 보행 방향에 따른 크기 지각의 차이를 알아보았는데, 멀어지는 방향보다 다가오는 방향에서 자극을 더 크게 지각한다는 결과를 얻었다. 실험 1b는 자극 제시 순서를 역균형화한 절차를 적용하여 보행 방향에 따른 크기 지각의 차이를 반복 검증하였다. 특히, 이러한 크기 지각의 차이는 자극이 상대적으로 길게 제시되는 조건(1000ms)에서 관찰되었다. 실험 2는 움직이는 자극을 관찰하는 경우뿐만 아니라 움직임 표상이 크기 지각의 차이를 유발할 수 있는지 알아보고자 하였다. 이를 위해 다가옴이 내포된 단일 프레임 이미지로 함축된 움직임(implied motion) 자극을 사용하였으며, 이 경우에도 여전히 두 방향 간 크기 지각의 차이가 관찰되었다. 이는 함축된 움직임이 가진 표상이 크기 지각이 영향을 미칠 수 있음을 시사한다. 본 연구는 보행 방향이 갖는 사회생물학적 가치가 생물성 움직임으로 나타나는 대상의 크기가 다르게 지각되도록 영향을 미칠 수 있음을 보여주며, 물리적 움직임의 지각 수준보다도 움직임 표상 수준에서 이러한 영향이 발생했을 받을 가능성을 시사한다.
Abstract
It was investigated whether the perceived size of biological motion differs depending on the walking direction, approaching or away. In experiment 1a, the stimulus used for the size determination task was a point-light walker that added shaded information that could emphasize the perception of an object approaching or moving away. It was found that the stimulus was perceived larger in the approaching direction than in the away direction. In Experiment 1b, the difference in size perception depending on the walking direction was reaffirmed when the order of reference and test stimulus presentation were counterbalanced. Especially, this difference in size perception was observed under conditions in which the stimulus was presented at a relatively long period of time (1000 ms). In Experiment 2, it was investigated whether an implied approaching motion in a single frame image could cause a difference in size perception, and it was confirmed. This suggests that size perception can be influenced by the representation of the implied motion. This study shows that the sociobiological value of walking direction can influence the size of the object represented by the biological motion to be perceived differently, suggesting that this effect may have occurred at the level of motion representation rather than the level of perception of physical motion.
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