강원도 복잡지형에 대한 WRF 지형 보정 및 그림자/경사 효과의 수치모의 적용성 평가
Assessing the Applicability of WRF Terrain Correction and Slope/Shading Effects for Complex Terrain in Gangwon-do
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참고문헌
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초록
Understanding mountain weather is essential to the prevention and coping with forest disasters such as the wildfires and landslides that have occurred on the Korean peninsula, a land with large forest areas and complex terrain conditions. However, it is very difficult to accurately simulate irregular and local meteorological phenomena caused by complex terrain using numerical weather models. In the Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) model, which is a mesoscale model that is widely used for the numerical simulation of meteorological phenomena, parameterization reflecting topographic characteristics (subgrid-scale orography parameterization and slope/shading parameterization) have been developed, but research and application on the Korean peninsula are insufficient. In this study, WRF simulations were performed for the entire period of April, including the wildfire period (from April 4 to 6, 2019) in Goseong, Gangneung, and Inje in Gangwon-do, and the applicability of two parameterizations was evaluated. The difference of meteorological elements (2 m temperature, 2 m relative humidity, 10 m wind speed, and accumulated precipitation) was analyzed according to the parameterization. The results of the 1-km high spatial resolution numerical simulation were compared with the observation data of 122 ground weather stations. The results of the subgrid-scale orography parameterization showed that the forecasting performance of 10m wind speed was greatly improved compared to the control experiment. The overestimated surface wind speed has decreased, reducing the RMSE by 53.0% and the bias by 56.7%. The slope/shading parameterization did not show much difference in values compared to the control experiment, but more realistically simulated the variability of the surface heat flow according to changes in solar altitude. The results of this study indicate that the application of subgrid-scale orography parameterization and slope/shading parameterization can be sufficiently considered in numerical forecasting of the complex terrain of the Korean peninsula, and we suggest that it can improve the forecasting performance of mountain micrometeorology.
Abstract
Understanding mountain weather is essential to the prevention and coping with forest disasters such as the wildfires and landslides that have occurred on the Korean peninsula, a land with large forest areas and complex terrain conditions. However, it is very difficult to accurately simulate irregular and local meteorological phenomena caused by complex terrain using numerical weather models. In the Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) model, which is a mesoscale model that is widely used for the numerical simulation of meteorological phenomena, parameterization reflecting topographic characteristics (subgrid-scale orography parameterization and slope/shading parameterization) have been developed, but research and application on the Korean peninsula are insufficient. In this study, WRF simulations were performed for the entire period of April, including the wildfire period (from April 4 to 6, 2019) in Goseong, Gangneung, and Inje in Gangwon-do, and the applicability of two parameterizations was evaluated. The difference of meteorological elements (2 m temperature, 2 m relative humidity, 10 m wind speed, and accumulated precipitation) was analyzed according to the parameterization. The results of the 1-km high spatial resolution numerical simulation were compared with the observation data of 122 ground weather stations. The results of the subgrid-scale orography parameterization showed that the forecasting performance of 10m wind speed was greatly improved compared to the control experiment. The overestimated surface wind speed has decreased, reducing the RMSE by 53.0% and the bias by 56.7%. The slope/shading parameterization did not show much difference in values compared to the control experiment, but more realistically simulated the variability of the surface heat flow according to changes in solar altitude. The results of this study indicate that the application of subgrid-scale orography parameterization and slope/shading parameterization can be sufficiently considered in numerical forecasting of the complex terrain of the Korean peninsula, and we suggest that it can improve the forecasting performance of mountain micrometeorology.
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