The Impact of Hybrid Vigour on Commercial Traits of the Indian Tropical Tasar Silkworm, Antheraea mylitta Drury (Lepidoptera: Saturniidae)
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The bivoltine tropical tasar ecoraces of Antheraea mylitta Drury produces cocoons for seed production under seed crop rearing (July-August with 22~30oC temperature and 50~70% relative humidity) and for silk production under commercial crop rearing (September-December with 17~27oC temperature and 60~80% relative humidity). To consider the impact of hybrid vigour on egg,larva, cocoon and silk related commercial traits, the F1hybrids made among Daba, Jata and Raily ecoraces were assessed successively for three years. The hybrid vigour in the F1 hybrid of Daba×Jata (T7) was positive for egg fertility (+23.1%), shell weight (+25.6%), silk yield (+79.0%) and filament length (+68.1%), with filament of high denier (11.98d) and reduced larval span (−7.1%). The Jata×Daba (T8) hybrid has shown negative heterosis in egg fertility (−8.0%) compared to the other F1 hybrids,Daba×Raily (T9) and Raily×Daba (T10), when they rise simultaneously during the commercial crop season. The better performance of parental ecoraces (T4 to T6) in their commercial traits during commercial crop over parents of seed crop (T1 to T3) and the superior performance of F1 hybrids (T7 to T10) over parents of commercial crop (T4 to T6) during commercial crop season indicates the apparent hybrid vigour in tasar F1 hybrids. As the Daba×Jata (T7) and Jata×Daba (T8) F1 hybrids have shown highest hybrid vigour, their rearing during commercial crop can optimize the silk productivity and commercial sustenance of the tasar silk industry.
Abstract
The bivoltine tropical tasar ecoraces of Antheraea mylitta Drury produces cocoons for seed production under seed crop rearing (July-August with 22~30oC temperature and 50~70% relative humidity) and for silk production under commercial crop rearing (September-December with 17~27oC temperature and 60~80% relative humidity). To consider the impact of hybrid vigour on egg,larva, cocoon and silk related commercial traits, the F1hybrids made among Daba, Jata and Raily ecoraces were assessed successively for three years. The hybrid vigour in the F1 hybrid of Daba×Jata (T7) was positive for egg fertility (+23.1%), shell weight (+25.6%), silk yield (+79.0%) and filament length (+68.1%), with filament of high denier (11.98d) and reduced larval span (−7.1%). The Jata×Daba (T8) hybrid has shown negative heterosis in egg fertility (−8.0%) compared to the other F1 hybrids,Daba×Raily (T9) and Raily×Daba (T10), when they rise simultaneously during the commercial crop season. The better performance of parental ecoraces (T4 to T6) in their commercial traits during commercial crop over parents of seed crop (T1 to T3) and the superior performance of F1 hybrids (T7 to T10) over parents of commercial crop (T4 to T6) during commercial crop season indicates the apparent hybrid vigour in tasar F1 hybrids. As the Daba×Jata (T7) and Jata×Daba (T8) F1 hybrids have shown highest hybrid vigour, their rearing during commercial crop can optimize the silk productivity and commercial sustenance of the tasar silk industry.
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