유체 격자 시스템에 따른 유체-구조 연성 결과 분석 및 검증
Study on grid system of fluid domain for fluid-structure interaction
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초록
본 논문은 격자 시스템의 차이에 따라서 구조-유체 연성(fluid-structure interaction, FSI) 해석에 미치는 영향을 분석하였다. 대상물은 FSI해석에서 대표적으로 사용하는 수치적 벤치마크 모델을 사용하였다. 이 모델은 실린더와 실린더 후면에 탄성을 가진 판으로 구성되어 있다. 그리고 이 물체는 비압축성 층류 채널유동에서 거동한다. 탄성을 가진 판은 실린더 주위에서 생성된 와류에 의하여 주기적으로 변형한다. 유체 도메인에서 유동을 해석하기 위한 격자는 벽주위에 잘분포시켜야 하고, 변형될 격자는 해석결과에 영향을 미치면 안 된다. 따라서 본 연구에는 두 가지의 격자 시스템을 이용하여 해석 결과에 미치는 영향을 살펴보았다. 첫 번째 방법은 대상물의 변형을 모핑(morphing) 기법을 사용하여 구현하고, 두 번째 방법은 중첩격자(overset mesh) 기법과 모핑 기법을 함께 사용한 방법이다. 해석은 구조와 유체에 대한 각각의 상용프로그램을 사용하였고 쌍방 연성(two-way coupling) 방법을 사용하여 연성하였다. 격자 시스템의 차이에 따른 변형 및 힘의 특성에 대하여 비교하였으며, 수렴성에 차이가 있는 것을 확인하였다.
Abstract
This paper shows the effect on fluid-structure interaction (FSI) analysis according to the deformation method of the grid system in a fluid domain. The object is a numerical benchmark model commonly used for FSI analysis composed of a cylinder and an elastic tail in incompressible laminar channel flow. The elastic tail plate is periodically deformed due to the vortices around the cylinder. The grids in the fluid domain should be well distributed around the object in order to analyze flow successfully, thus the deformation of the grids around the object should not affect the quality of analysis result. Two grid systems are applied for the fluid domain in this research. One is to deform the total grid using a morphing method. The other is to deform the partial grid using both an overset gird method and a morphing method. Two commercial codes for the fluid and structure solvers are applied for the analyses with two-way coupling. The deformation characteristics of the elastic tail plate are compared with two grid systems, showing the difference in the convergency of solution.
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