국내 고속도로 환경에 적합한 Large scale 전파 분석에 관한 연구
Large scale propagation analysis suitable for domestic highway environment
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초록
최근 자율주행에 대한 관심이 높아짐에 따라 WAVE (Wireless Access in Vehicle Environment) 통신 기반의 V2V (Vehicle to Vehicle)와 V2I (Vehicle to Infrastructure)에 대한 연구가 활발히 진행되고 있다. 차량과 주변 기지국간의 통신방식인 V2I 통신 방식은 차량 간 통신 방식인 V2V 통신 방식에 비해 송수신기간 거리가 길기 때문에 그 사이에 존재하는 철제 구조물, 지형 등과 같은 다양한 요소에 의한 페이딩이 크게 발생한다. 이는 수신율에 많은 영향을 미치며 심할경우 운전자 및 보행자의 안전까지도 위협할 수 있는 중요한 요인이다. 무선 통신의 인프라가 잘 갖추어져 있으며 산지및 도심지가 비교적 빈번한 국내 고속도로에서는 국외 연구를 통해 도출된 V2I 채널 모델링을 그대로 적용하기 어렵다. 따라서 본 논문에서는 국내 고속도로 환경에 적합한 WAVE 통신 채널의 Large scale 전파 특성을 분석하기 위해 V2I 인프라가 구축되어 있는 여주 시험도로에서 실제 차량을 통해 RSSI (Received Signal Strength Indicator)를 측정하고, 이를국내외에서 현재 사용되는 Large-scale 전파 모델들을 적용하여 비교 분석함으로써 국내 고속도로 환경에 적합한 WAVE 통신 채널 모델을 제안한다.
Abstract
With the increasing interest in autonomous navigation, studies on vehicle to vehicle (V2V) and vehicle to infrastructure (V2I) communications based on wireless access for vehicular environments (WAVE) are actively being conducted. The V2I communication method, which is a communication method between a vehicle and peripheral base station, has a longer transmission reception distance than the V2V communication method; hence, fading due to various factors such as steel structures and existing terrain generally occurs. This greatly affects the reception rate and is a critical issue as it may threaten the safety of drivers and pedestrians in severe cases. It is difficult to apply the V2I channel modeling derived from overseas studies to domestic highways where radio communication infrastructure is well equipped and mountainous as well as urban areas are comparatively frequent. Therefore, in this study, to analyze the large-scale propagation characteristics of the WAVE communication channel that are suitable for domestic highway environments, the received signal strength indicator (RSSI) is measured through an actual vehicle on the Yeoju Test Road where the V2I communication infrastructure is built. We propose a WAVE communication channel model suitable for domestic highway environments by comparing and analyzing large-scale propagation models.
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