LNG 연료 추진선박의 LNG 냉열을 이용한 유기랭킨사이클의 성능 분석
Performance analysis of the organic Rankine cycle using LNG cold energy in LNG-fueled ships
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초록
본 연구에서는 LNG 연료 추진선박의 LNG 냉열을 회수하기 위해서 유기랭킨사이클의 성능을 분석하였다. 천연가스를 LNG로 액화시킬 때 많은 양의 에너지가 소모되며, 이를 다시 기화 시킬 때 냉열은 소산된다. LNG 연료 추진선박에서는 이러한 냉열을 적절하게 활용하지 못하고 있으므로, 본 연구에서는 LNG의 냉열을 활용하기 위해서 유기랭킨사이클을 이용한 발전시스템을 구성하였다. 5종류의 작동유체를 적용하였으며, 응축온도와 증발온도 및 과열도의 변화에 따른 사이클의 성능을 분석하였다. 사이클의 성능을 평가하기 위해서 열역학적 효율과 엑서지 효율을 사용하였으며, 본 연구의 결과에 따르면 LNG의 냉열을 회수하기 위한 사이클을 평가하기 위해서는 엑서지 효율을 사용하는 것이 적절한 것으로 나타났다. 적용된 작동유체 중 R142b가 가장 높은 엑서지 효율 28.5%와 정미 출력 73.7kW가 나타났다.
Abstract
In this study, the performance of the organic Rankine cycle (ORC) to recover liquid natural gas (LNG) cold energy of an LNG-fueled ship is analyzed. When natural gas is liquefied to LNG, a large amount of energy is consumed, and when it is vaporized again, the cold energy is dissipated. Because this cold energy is not properly utilized in an LNG-fueled ship, this study constructs a power generation system employing the ORC to utilize cold energy from the LNG. Five types of working fluids are applied, and the cycle performance is analyzed according to the variations in condensation temperature, evaporation temperature, and degree of superheat. Thermal efficiency and exergy efficiency are used to evaluate the performance of the ORC. The results of this study showed that it was appropriate to use exergy efficiency to evaluate a cycle that recovered LNG cold energy. Of all the working fluids used, R142b showed the highest exergy efficiency at 28.5% and produced a net power output of 73.7 kW.
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