에머지 분석을 통한 논벼 생산의 자원적 가치 평가
Emergy Evaluation of Resource Values for Rice Paddy Productionin South Korea
1
조회
0
다운로드
0
인용
0
참고문헌
키워드
초록
The purpose of this study is to analyze emergy flows of rice for evaluating the value of rice production and sustainability. Emergy analysis evaluates the sustainability of systems or processes considering all the inputs to make a product or a sevice. In this study, we analyzed the emergy flows and indices of rice productionand compared the regional emergy values using statisticcal analysis: input materials, hours per unit area(10a), and production costs. As the results, we found that the rates of external investment (EIR= 18.87) and environmental loading (ELR=21.7) are significantly high during the rice cultivation. However, emergy yield ratio(EYR) shows that rice is a valuable resource because EYR is 5.12 and environmental Sustainability IndexSI value is as low as 0.24 and it shows rice has low sustainability. This study also shows that Chungcheongnam-do has the highest SI value for rice production due to low environmental loading and abundant natural energy during rice cultivation. These results of rice emergy flows and sustainability assessments could provide a way of sustainable rice cultivation with decrease of environmental loading from fertilizer.
Abstract
The purpose of this study is to analyze emergy flows of rice for evaluating the value of rice production and sustainability. Emergy analysis evaluates the sustainability of systems or processes considering all the inputs to make a product or a sevice. In this study, we analyzed the emergy flows and indices of rice productionand compared the regional emergy values using statisticcal analysis: input materials, hours per unit area(10a), and production costs. As the results, we found that the rates of external investment (EIR= 18.87) and environmental loading (ELR=21.7) are significantly high during the rice cultivation. However, emergy yield ratio(EYR) shows that rice is a valuable resource because EYR is 5.12 and environmental Sustainability IndexSI value is as low as 0.24 and it shows rice has low sustainability. This study also shows that Chungcheongnam-do has the highest SI value for rice production due to low environmental loading and abundant natural energy during rice cultivation. These results of rice emergy flows and sustainability assessments could provide a way of sustainable rice cultivation with decrease of environmental loading from fertilizer.
참고문헌 (29)
- Bastianoni, S., "Sustainability assessment of a farm in the Chianti area(Italy)", Journal of Cleaner Production, 9, pp.365~373 (2001)
- Brandt-Williams, S., "Handbook of Emergy evaluation: A compendium of data for emergy computation issued in a series of folios. Folio# 4", Emergy of Florida Agriculture, pp.32611~36450 (2001)
- Brown, M. T., "Emergy-based indices and ratios to evaluate sustainability:monitoring economies and technology toward environmentally sound innovation", Ecological engineering, 9(1), pp.51~69 (1997)
- Brown, M. T., "Energy quality, emergy, and transformity: HT Odum’s contributions to quantifying and understanding systems", Ecological Modelling, 178(1), pp.201~213 (2004)
- Buenfil, A. A., "Emergy evaluation of water", 박사, pp.2001
- Environmental accounting using emergy:evaluation of the state of West Virginia, "Campbell D. E.", USEPA, ~, pp.Research Report, EPA (2005), 600[DOI]
- 최돈향, "일평균기온 특성에 따른 통일한국의 지역별 벼 생육기간 분포", 한국농림기상학회지, 5(3), pp.185~190 (2003), 한국농림기상학회
- 임정빈, "한국 쌀산업 부문의 식량안보가치 분석 : 정부의지 모형(Self-will Government Model)의 응용", 농업경제연구, 44(4), pp.59~77 (2003), 한국농업경제학회
- Kang, D, "Emergy concept and ecosystem valuation", Korean society of civil engineers, 53(8), pp.37~41 (2005)
- 김준범, "쌀 농업에 대한 지역별 물 발자국 산정에 관한 연구", 대한환경공학회지, 35(11), pp.827~834 (2013), 대한환경공학회[DOI]
- Kim, K. S., "Public function evaluation of rice paddy", Magazine of the Korean Society of Agricultural Engineers, 38(4), pp.27~33 (1996)
- 김남국, "에머지(Emergy) 개념을 이용한 산지가치의 계량화에 관한 연구", 한국환경과학회지, 17(3), pp.305~314 (2008), 한국환경과학회
- 공기서, "기후변화를 고려한 논농업의 다원적 기능 가치", 농업경영.정책연구, 40(2), pp.352~380 (2013), 한국농식품정책학회
- Study in Seoul environmental capacity assessment, "Lee, C. W.", The Seoul Institute, ~ (1999)
- 이한나, "우리나라 농업의 Emergy 분석", 한국환경농학회지, 24(2), pp.169~179 (2005), 한국환경농학회
- Lee, J., "Development of carbon traceability systems for agricultural products in Korea, Rural development administration", ~ (2012)
- Liu, J. E., "Sustainability assessment of bioethanol and petroleum fuel production in Japan based on emergy analysis", Energy Policy, 44, pp.23~33 (2012)
- Ministry of Agriculture, Food and Rural Affairs, "The multifunctionality of paddy farming", ~ (1999)
- "Korean Institute of Energy Research"[URL]
- Odum, H.T, "The energetic basis for valuation of ecosystem services", Ecosystems, 3, pp.21~23 (2000)
- Odum, H. T., "Environmental accounting, emergy and decision making" (1996), Wiley
- Oh, S. I., "Environmental valuation of rice farming by the alternative method", Journal of Rural Development, 20(1), pp.71~85 (1997)
- Rim, B. H, "A study on the environmental capacity sustainability assessment of Sejong city by emergy analysis", 석사, pp.2013
- Saga, K., "Net energy analysis of bioethanol production system from rice cropping", Journal of Japan Society of Energy and Resources, 29(1), pp.30~34 (2007)
- Statistics Korea, "Agricultural production costs statistics 2012", ~ (2013)
- Ulgiati, S., "Monitoring patterns of sustainability in natural and man-made ecosystems", Ecological Modelling, 108, pp.23~36 (1998)
- Xi, Y. G., "Emergy evaluation of organic rice-duck mutualism system", ecological engineering, 35(11), pp.1677~1683 (2009)
- 윤홍배, "유기질비료의 질소, 인산, 칼륨 함량 분포 특성", 한국토양비료학회지(Korean Journal of Soil Science and Fertilizer), 44(3), pp.498~501 (2011), 한국토양비료학회
- Zhang, G., "A key review on emergy analysis and assessment of biomass resources for a sustainable future", Energy Policy, 38(6), pp.2948~2955 (2010)