Effective utilizations of liquid-phase plasma for remediation of non-degradable organic pollutants in water
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Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, which are non-degradable and can cause adverse health effects in humans, exist in various aquatic environments. Conventional contaminated water treatment processes present some disadvantages in eliminating polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, such as significant time consumption, low removal efficiency, secondary pollutants, and high maintenance cost. In this study, liquid-phase plasma is employed to decompose fluorene in water. The optimal conditions are investigated by con-trolling the operating parameters; 85.37% of fluorene is degraded within 10 min, whereas the constant frequency and pulse width remain at 30 kHz and 3 μs, respectively. Additionally, the effects of catalysts for photocatalysis and the Fenton reaction are evaluated to enhance the removal efficiency by effectively using the products resulting from the plasma. The generated active species are identi-fied, and a possible degradation pathway is proposed. The outstanding performance of liquid-phase plasma and its association with photocatalysis and the Fenton reaction are presented herein.
Abstract
Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, which are non-degradable and can cause adverse health effects in humans, exist in various aquatic environments. Conventional contaminated water treatment processes present some disadvantages in eliminating polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, such as significant time consumption, low removal efficiency, secondary pollutants, and high maintenance cost. In this study, liquid-phase plasma is employed to decompose fluorene in water. The optimal conditions are investigated by con-trolling the operating parameters; 85.37% of fluorene is degraded within 10 min, whereas the constant frequency and pulse width remain at 30 kHz and 3 μs, respectively. Additionally, the effects of catalysts for photocatalysis and the Fenton reaction are evaluated to enhance the removal efficiency by effectively using the products resulting from the plasma. The generated active species are identi-fied, and a possible degradation pathway is proposed. The outstanding performance of liquid-phase plasma and its association with photocatalysis and the Fenton reaction are presented herein.
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