치과보철치료를 요하는 환자에서의 수면질과 스트레스 반응 평가
Evaluation of sleep quality and stress response in patients requiring dental prosthetic treatment
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목적: 치아를 상실하여 치료를 받기 위해 내원하는 보철과 환자를 대상으로 처음 내원할 당시 스트레스에 대한 반응과 수면의 상태가 어떤지 살펴보고자 하였다. 대상 및 방법: 2018년부터 2년간 부산대학교병원 보철과에 신환으로 접수한 236명의 성인 환자(남자 94명, 여자 142명, 24 - 86세)를 대상으로 검사 및 상담, 설문조사를 시행하였다. 잔존치 수, 무치악 여부, 저작 가능 여부, 향후 보철치료 방향을 기록하였으며, 시각화 아날로그형 척도(Visual analogue scale, VAS), 스트레스 반응 척도(Stress reponse inventory, SRI) 및 불면증 심각도 지수(Insomnia severity index, ISI)를 도구로 사용하여 환자의 주관적 구내불편감, 스트레스 반응, 수면 상태를 측정하였다. 결과: 전체 보철과 신환에서 SRI 의 7개 항목 중 ‘피로’가 유의하게 높은 평균값을 나타냈고 ‘공격성’이 유의하게 낮은 값을 보였다 (P < .001). 무치악자와 완전유치악자는 VAS로 측정한 구내 불편감 값에 유의한 차이가 있었다 (P = .004). 20개 미만의 치아가 잔존한 경우, 스스로 저작이 불가능한 경우, 가철성 보철물을 치료계획을 잡게 되는 환자의 경우는 그 반대의 경우에 비하여 VAS 값, SRI 중 ‘우울’과 ‘피로’값이 유의하게 높게 드러났다 (P < .05). VAS 수치가 심각에 해당하는 환자의 경우 심각에 해당하지 않는 환자에 비하여 SRI 항목 중 ‘긴장’, ’신체화’, ‘우울’, ‘피로’, ‘좌절’의 값이 유의하게 높았다 (P < .05). 임상적 불면증은 전체 환자 중 11.4%에서 나타났고, 여자가 남자보다 수면의 질이 유의하게 낮았다 (P = .044). 불면증을 가진 사람은 정상수면자에 비해 VAS 값과 7가지 모든 SRI 항목에 대해 유의하게 높은 점수가 나타났다 (P < .05). 결론: 보철 신환에서 스트레스에 대한 반응 검사(SRI)를 시행하였을 때 7가지 스트레스 반응 항목 중 ‘피로’ 항목이 높게 나타났으며, 잔존치 수와 저작 기능으로 나타나는 구강 상태, 불면증 유무는 주관적 구내불편감, 스트레스 반응 항목 및 정도에 영향을 주었다.
Abstract
Purpose: The purpose of this study is to investigate the stress response and sleep state of the new patients who visit the hospital for prosthodontic treatment due to tooth loss to make reference to further treatment direction. Materials and methods: Examinations, consultations, and surveys were conducted on 236 patients (94 males, 142 females, and 24-86 years old), who newly registered at the department of prosthodontics at Pusan national university hospital, for 2 years from 2018. The number of remaining teeth, edentulous arch, possibility of mastication, and future prosthetic treatment directions were recorded. The visual analogue scale (VAS), stress response inventory (SRI) and Insomnia severity index (ISI) were used as tools to measure patient’s subjective discomfort, stress response, and sleep status. Results: Among the entire prosthodontic patient group, the average value of ‘fatigue’ was significantly higher among the 7 items of SRI, and the value of ‘aggression’ was significantly lower (P<.001). There are a significant difference between the edentulous and full dentition in the oral discomfort value measured by VAS (P=.004). In cases where less than 20 teeth remain, mastication is impossible, and patients who are planning treatment with removable prostheses, VAS value and ‘depression’ and ‘fatigue’ values in SRI were higher than those in the reverse case (P<.05). The patients showed severe level in VAS value have high value of ‘tension’, ‘somatization’, ‘depression’, ‘fatigue’and ‘frustration’in SRI than non-serious patients (P<.05). Clinical insomnia occurred in 11.4% of all patients, and women had significantly lower sleep quality than men (P=.044). Patients with insomnia showed significantly higher scoreson the VAS value and all 7 SRI items than those of normal sleepers (P<.05). Conclusion: The new prosthetics had high ‘fatigue’ value among the 7 items of SRI. The oral condition, number of residual teeth and mastication function and clinical insomnia affected oral discomfort and the stress response.
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