일 도시 고등학교 학생들의 수면형태와 주간졸음증의 예측인자
Sleep Patterns and Predictors of Daytime Sleepiness in High School Students
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초록
본 연구는 839명의 고등학생을 대상으로 시행한 연구로서, 남녀학생에서 일주기 리듬에 따른 수면형태에서 차이를보였다. 수면형태에 따른 비교에서 저녁형 학생에서 아침형과 중간형 학생보다 수면의 질이 낮고, 주간졸음증이 더 심하며, 불면증상과 우울증상이 높았다. 주간기능에 영향을 준다고 알려진 주간졸음증 발생에는 여성과 수면의 질이 유의한 위험인자로 평가되었다. 특히 여학생에서는 월경곤란과저녁형 수면형태가 주간졸음증과 연관성이 있는 것으로 나타났다. 따라서, 청소년 학생들의 정신건강과 효율적인 학업수행을 지지하기 위해서, 수면의 질을 향상시키고 올바른 수면위생을 배울 수 있는 프로그램 개발과 교육이 중요할 것으로 생각된다.
Abstract
Objectives Various sleep patterns may be shown in adolescents to be busy for studying. The aim of this study was to investigate sleep-wake patterns and to evaluate predictors of daytime sleepiness. Methods Among 1011 high school students living in Cheonan-si, demographic variables and self-reported questionnaires, including items about menstruation, Morningness-Eveningness Questionnaire (MEQ), Beck Depression Inventory (BDI), Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index, and Epworth Sleepiness Scale (ESS) were admitted. Results A total of 839 students (male=453, female=386) completed questionnaires. Significant differences in sleep pattern, categorized by score of MEQ (p=0.004), ESS (p<0.001), and BDI (p=0.012) were observed between male and female subjects. Logistic regression analysis showed that excessive daytime sleepiness was predicted by female [odds ratio (OR)=2.039, p=0.022] and sleep quality (OR=1.238, p=0.004). In the regression analysis of female students, dysmenorrhea (β=0.108, p=0.029), eating of caffeine (β=-0.114, p=0.019), MEQ (β=-0.108, p=0.027), insomnia (β=0.180, p=0.002), and depression (β=0.116, p=0.029) might be associated with daytime sleepiness. Conclusion In Korean high school students, female and sleep quality might be risk factors of daytime sleepiness. Daytime sleepiness was known to be related with cognitive dysfunction. Therefore, an education program for improving sleep quality in these adolescents should be considered for mental health.
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