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과체중 소아에서 천식 발생과 Adiponectin 및 Leptin의 연관성

Asthma Development Partially Linked to Adiponectin and Leptin in Overweight Children

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참고문헌

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주제분류소아과학

초록

목 적:전 세계적으로 증가하고 있는 비만과 천식의 연관성에 대하여 다양한 역학 조사보고들이 있지만, 확실한 결론에 이르지 못하고 있다. 본 연구에서는 과체중 소아에서 천식과 leptin과 adiponectin이 연관성이 있는지, 그리고 폐기능의 저하에 어떤 영향을 미치는지 알아보고자 하였다. 방 법:대상자는 6-18세 소아 총 61명 중 제 1군은 과체중을 동반한 안정된 천식 환아(n=14), 제 2군은 과체중을 동반하지 않은 안정된 천식 환아(n=16), 제 3군은 천식이 없는 과체중 소아(n=16), 그리고 건강한 대조군(n=15)으로 각각 분류하였다. 혈액에서 혈청 총 IgE와 알레르겐 특이 IgE치, 말초혈액 호산구 수와 혈청 호산구 음이온단백(eosinophil cationic protein:ECP)을 각각 측정하였으며, 혈액 내 leptin, adiponectin, 지질(콜레스테롤, 중성 지방, 유리지방산, 저 밀도 및 고 밀도 지질단백 콜레스테롤), insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1), insulin-like growth factor-binding protein 3 (IGF-BP3)와 코티솔, 음식 섭취 설문조사 후 혈액에서 비타민 C와 E, 베타-카로틴, 셀레늄과 아연을 각각 측정하였다. 모든 환자에서 메타콜린 흡입과 자유 운동에 의한 기관지 유발시험을 각각 시행하였다. 결 과:과체중군에서 혈중 leptin치는 높은 경향이 있는 반면, adiponectin은 낮은 경향을 보였고 leptin과 adiponectin 사이에는 유의한 역 상관관계를 나타내었다.(R= -0.479; P<0.001)천식군에서 leptin은 BMI와 유의한 연관성을 보였다. 폐기능 검사로서 노력성 폐활량(forced vital capacity:FVC)에 대한 1초간 노력성 호기량(forced expiratory volume in one second: FEV1)비율, FEV1/ FVC은 천식군과 비 천식군을 포함한 과체중군에서 낮았다. 하지만 IL-6와 TNF-α, 영양소 및 다른 지표들은 과체중 천식 소아에서 유의한 차이를 볼 수 없었다. 결 론:본 연구에서 측정 가능한 과체중과 관련된 비만 관련 호르몬, 염증지표와 영양소들이 천식의 직접적인 유발인자로서의 역할에 대한 근거는 충분하지 않았으나 과체중이 FEV1/FVC감소 및 폐기능 저하와 연관성이 있는 것으로 사료된다.

Abstract

Purpose:The prevalence of asthma and obesity is increasing concomitantly, but the link between asthma and obesity is unclear. We sought to address possible roles of leptin and adiponectin in the development of asthma, and changes in pulmonary function in overweight children. Methods:Four study groups of 61 children aged 6 to 18 years (mean age, 9.69±2.16) were enrolled: (1) 14 mild-to-moderate asthmatics with overweight, (2) 16 mild-to-moderate asthmatics with normal weight, (3) 16 obese subjects without asthma, and (4) 15 healthy controls. We measured biomarkers in blood, including total and allergen-specific IgE, eosinophil, eosinophilc cationic protein (ECP), leptin, adiponectin, interleukin (IL)-6, tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), lipid profiles, insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) and insulin-like growth factor binding protein 3 (IGF-BP3). Body mass index (BMI), antioxidants and micronutrients in a daily diet were evaluated by the questionnaire. We performed the bronchial challenge test by methacholine inhalation and free running, respectively. Results:The leptin levels was apparently high, and the adiponectin level was low in the overweight children, as depicting a significant inverse correlation between the 2 variables (R=-0.479; P<0.001). The FEV1/FVC ratio was low in the overweight children regardless of the presence of asthma. However, the effect of IL-6, TNF-α, nutrients, and other variables on asthma development in the overweight children with asthma was not verified. Conclusion:In this study, the levels of leptin, adiponectin or other obesity-related biomarkers were not independently associated with asthma. Therefore, it is concluded that obesity may not be an important factor in pulmonary function impairment.

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