외상후 스트레스장애와 연관된 인지기능의 결함
Cognitive Deficits Associated with Posttraumatic Stress Disorder
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참고문헌
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초록
PTSD 증상을 호소하는 전방감시초소 총기난사사고의 생존자들을 대상으로 임상증상척도를 평가한 결과 젊은 성인 남성으로 구성된 PTSD군은 증상의 전 영역에서 심한 증상들을 호소하고 있었으며, 인지기능검사를 실시하여 지속적 주의력, 시각 및 청각에 대한 정보처리속도, 시공간 단기기억력, 청각언어기억, 시각기억, 시공간 구성능력의 영역에서 대조군과 비교하여 유의한 인지기능의 결함이 나타남 을 확인하였다. 향후 PTSD 증상에 따른 인지기능의 개선여부 및 치료 효과가 인지기능의 호전에 미치는 영향에 대한 추적관찰이 필요할 것이다.
Abstract
Objectives: In addition to the main symptoms of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), which include reexperience, avoidance and hyperarousal, many patients complain of cognitive deficits and especially in attention and memory. This study was conducted to evaluate the cognitive deficits of survivors of a tragic shooting incident at a frontline guard post. All of the survivors experienced the same accident, and they were homogeneous in terms of age and education level, which are closely associated with cognitive performance. Methods: We recruited 12 survivors who suffered from PTSD following the same traumatic incident and we also recruited 12 normal volunteers, and we assessed their neurocognitive functions with using a vigilance test, a continuous attention test, a reaction unit test and the Corsi block tapping test in the computerized Vienna Test System, as well as an auditory verbal learning test and complex figure test in the Rey-Kim Memory Test. Standardized clinical scales, including the Clinician-Administered PTSD Scale, the Hamilton Depression Rating Scale, the Hamilton Anxiety Scale and the State-Trait Anxiety Scale I and II, were used to assess the involved mental areas and the severity of the PTSD symptoms. Results: The patient group showed significant impairments in continuous attention, and the visual and auditory information processing time on the Vienna test when compared to the control group. The patient group also showed significant impairments in the verbal memory, visual memory and visuospatial function on the Rey-Kim Memory Test. Conclusion: In this study, the author reports on the cognitive impairments in patients with PTSD as measured by computerized neurocognitive tests and memory tests. Future studies are needed to determine the changes in cognitive functioning that are related to symptom improvement, as well as the influence of the therapeutic effects on the cognitive improvement.
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