터널 배면공동 뒷채움재 내구성 평가에 관한 체계적 문헌연구
A systematic review of durability performance for backfill materials in tunnel tail voids
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초록
쉴드 TBM (tunnel boring machine) 굴착 공법을 이용하여 터널을 굴착하는 경우 필연적으로 굴착된 지반과 콘크리트라이닝 사이에 배면공동이 발생하게 된다. 이러한 배면공동에는 뒷채움재를 주입하여 충진시킴으로써 터널 내부로의지하수 유입을 차단하고 콘크리트 라이닝 상부 지반을 지지하는 방법이 널리 활용되고 있다. 장기적으로 터널의 활용성을 증진시키기 위해서는 뒷채움재 주입 이후 경화된 뒷채움재의 내구성을 확보하는 것이 중요하다. 하지만 내구성 측면에서 최적화된 뒷채움재 주입설계를 위한 공학적 설계기준이나 이와 관련된 연구는 제한적인 상황이다. 추가적으로 배면공동의 경우 콘크리트 라이닝에 의하여 구조적으로 독립된 공간에 해당하기 때문에 뒷채움재 주입 후 내구성을 육안으로 평가하는 것 또한 한계가 있다. 본 연구에서는 터널 배면공동 내 뒷채움재의 내구성 평가를 위하여 뒷채움재의 종류, 뒷채움재 내구성 평가를 위한 기본물성 및 시공사례를 참고하여 지반 조건에 따른 뒷채움재 내구성 관련 기술현황 조사 및 분석을 수행하였다. 이를 통하여 본 연구에서 분석된 기술현황은 향후 쉴드 TBM을 이용한 터널 시공 현장에서 뒷채움재의 내구성을 증진시키고 설계 기준을 수립하는데 유용하게 활용될 수 있을 것으로 기대된다.
Abstract
Tail voids are inevitably generated between the excavated ground and the concretelining when excavating tunnels using the shield TBM (tunnel boring machine) method. To address this, backfill materials are commonly injected into these voids toprevent groundwater inflow into the tunnel and to support the ground above theconcrete lining. Ensuring the durability of cured backfill materials after injection iscrucial for enhancing the long-term functionality of tunnels. However, there is a lackof established engineering design standards and research focused on optimizingbackfill material injection with respect to durability. Furthermore, the tail void, beinga structurally isolated space due to the concrete lining, presents challenges in visuallyassessing the durability of the injected backfill material. This study reviews andanalyzes the technical status related to the classification of backfill materials, essentialproperties for evaluating their durability, and practical application cases based onvarying ground conditions. The findings from this study are expected to provide valuable insights for improving the durability of backfill materials and establishing design standards for future tunnelconstruction projects utilizing the shield TBM method.
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