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노후소득보장 기능 강화를 위한 퇴직연금의 과제: 시장 창출, 시장 수정, 시장 보상의 관점에서

Tasks of the Korean Occupational Pension to Secure Old Age Income: Focusing on Market Creating, Market Modifying and Market Compensating Perspectives

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초록

이 연구는 한국 퇴직연금이 노후소득보장 역할을 하고 있는지를 종합적으로 살펴보고 향후 정책 방향을 제시하는 것을 목적으로 한다. 이를 위해 민간 복지정책을 시장 창출, 시장 수정, 시장 보상 관점으로 구분하여 접근하는 분석 틀을 사용한다. 시장 창출의 핵심이라 할 수 있는 적용에 있어서는 지속적인 의무화 입법 시도와 중소기업퇴직연금기금 도입 등 적극적 노력이 시도되어 온 반면, 급여 지급방식이나 수급권 보장 장치 등 시장 수정과 보상 조치는 대부분 규제가 약하거나 혹은 미도입되어 있는 상황이다. 이러한 불균형이 일어난 것은, 지금까지 퇴직연금 제도가 주로 이해당사자들의 단기적인 이해관계를 반영했기 때문이다. 퇴직연금 제도가 공적연금을 보완하는 유의미한 노후소득보장 수단이 되기 위해서는 시장 창출에만 초점을 맞추어서는 안 되며, 시장 수정과 보상 측면에서의 규제들이 추가적으로 마련되어야 한다. 아직까지 노후소득보장제도 역할을 하지 못하고 있는 퇴직연금이 제도적 위상에 맞는 역할을 하기 위해서는 적절한 시장 수정 및 보상 조치들에 대한 본격적인 논의가 필요하다.

Abstract

The study aims to comprehensively examine whether the Korean occupational pension plays a role in old age income security and to suggest future policy directions. To this end, an analysis framework is used to divide private welfare policies into market creating, market modifying, and market compensating perspectives. While active efforts surrounding market creating have been made, such as continuous mandatory coverage legislation trials and the introduction of small and medium-sized retirement pension funds, most market modifying and compensating measures such as benefit payment methods and beneficiary rights guarantees have been weak or unintroduced. This imbalance has occurred because so far, the occupational pension has mainly reflected the short-term interests of stakeholders. In order for the occupational pension to be a meaningful means of securing old age income to supplement public pensions, it should not only focus on market creating, but additional regulations in terms of market modifying and compensating should be prepared. It is necessary to discuss appropriate market modifying and compensating measures suitable for the institutional status of the occupational pension.

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