광 지연선로를 이용한 스퀸팅이 없는 위상배열 안테나의 근거리 서브파장 포커싱
quint-less Phased Array Antenna Near-field Subwavelength Focusing with True-time Optical Delay Line
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초록
본 연구에서는 광 지연선로를 이용한 스퀸팅(squinting)이 없는 위상배열 안테나의 근거리 미세파장 포커싱(subwavelength focusing)을 디자인하고 전산모사를 통해 검증하였다. 마이크로파 파장에서 위상배열 안테나의 수치적 계산을 위해 호이겐스-프 레넬(Huygens-Fresnel) 원리를 적용하였다. 제안하는 시스템은 첩 광격자섬유(chirped fiber grating)에 기반한 광 지연선로를 이용 하여 빔 스퀸팅이 생기지 않는 다는 것을 전산모사를 통해 확인하였다. 그리고 개별 안테나의 배열은 광학렌즈시스템에서 회절소 자로 간주할 수 있음을 착안해 높은 개구율(numerical aperture)을 구현하고 미세파장 포커싱을 얻었다. 또한, 위상배열 안테나의 안테나 사이 거리를 반 파장 이하 줄여 사이드 로브를 억제할 수 있음을 보였다.
Abstract
The near-field subwavelength squint-less focusing system of a phased array antenna is designed and demonstrated by numerical simulation. The Huygens-Fresnel principle is applied to numerical simulation for calculation of the phased array antenna at microwave frequency. It was shown that beam squinting can be eliminated, utilizing true-time optical delay lines based on a chirped fiber grating in the proposed system. Furthermore, subwavelength focusing with high numerical aperture can be achieved by considering the fact that the array elements of the phased-array antenna can be treated as diffractive elements in an optical lens system. Also, side lobes can be suppressed by decreasing the distance between element antennas to less than half of the wavelength.
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