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수습기자 교육의 현황과 개선방향 탐구

Journalist Training as Organizational Socialization

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초록

수습기자는 언론사에 입사하면서 취재보도에 필요한 직무역량, 그리고 내부문화 및 관행을 습득한다. 새로운 구성원이 회사방침을 수용하고 내부 구성원에게 동질감을 느끼면 개인역량이 강화되고 조직전체의 경쟁력이 높아진다는 점에서 조직사회화의 첫 단계인 수습기자 교육이 중요하다. 한국 언론의 수습교육이 어떻게 진행되며, 수습기자는 무엇을 경험하고 어떻게 적응하는지를 확인하기 위해 본 연구에서는 수습기자 15명과 선배기자 8명 등 모두 23명을 대상으로 심층인터뷰를 실시했다. 연구결과, 한국 언론은 도제식 교육방식을 고수하여 조직문화가 수직적이고 권위적으로 형성되도록 했다. 또 수습기자들이 기본교육을 충실히 받지 못한 상태로 현장에 투입돼 질책을 받고 언행을 통제받으면서 심신 모두 위축된다는 사실이 확인됐다. 수동성을 부르는 교육방식에 대해 선배기자는 언론의 특수성을 언급하며 불가피성을 강조했지만 인격모독 같은 악습을 없애고 교육효과를 높이는 방안을 마련해야 한다는 데 수습기자와 인식을 같이 했다. 기자는 언론에서 취재보도라는 핵심기능을 수행하는 집단이므로 자율성과 전문성이 요구되는 집단이다. 조직의 미래를 좌우할 수습기자가 역량을 강화하고 순조롭게 적응하는 방안을 언론의 경영진과 기자 집단 모두가 노력해야 한다.

Abstract

Journalists-in-training acquire the knowledge and skills necessary for reporting, as well as organizational culture and practice once they join the media. New member’s adjustment to the regulations, identifying themselves within the media is the first step of organizational socialization, and training functions as one of the biggest roles in this process. In order to examine how the Korean media’s training is organized, and what journalists-in-training learn, experience and how they adapt, this study has conducted an in-depth interview with 23 journalists in total: 15 trainee journalists and 8 senior journalists. The study showed the Korean media has adhered to an apprenticeship training, forming a hierarchial and authoritative organization. This study also confirmed the trainees working on field without sufficient training were reprimanded and under tight control, leading them to become exhausted. In seniors’ perspective, the training that called for passivity was in fact inevitable due to the unique nature of media, yet agreeing to discard the vice such as personal insult. Rather, coming up with a better training measures. Journalists are in charge of reporting, the very core of the media organization. Hence they require autonomy and professionalism. It is a responsibility of all to improve the training system for new comers. After all, trainee journalists are the future of the organization.

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