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한국판 청소년용 소속감 지향성 척도의 타당화

Validation of the Korean Version of the Belongingness Orientation Scale for Adolescents

김진영|김현정
한국심리치료학회 (Korean Association of Psychotherapy)|2024.10|한국심리치료학회지|제16권 제2호|pp. 1-17

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참고문헌

키워드

정신건강청소년AdolescentsMental Health척도 타당화Validation소속감 지향성성장 지향결핍감소 지향Belongingness OrientationGrowth OrientationDeficit-reduction Orientation

초록

본 연구의 목적은 소속감 지향성 척도(Belongingness Orientation Scales; BOS)를 국내 청소년을 대상으로 타당화하는 것이다. 중학생 554명, 고등학생 520명, 총 1,074명을 대상으로 소속감 지향성 척도, 정신적 웰빙, 정신장애, 불안, 우울, 자아존중감, 일상적 스트레스, 소속에 대한 욕구, 전반적 소속감을 측정하였다. 문항-총점 상관분석, 탐색적 및 확인적 요인분석 결과, 한국판 청소년용 소속감 지향성 척도는 9문항으로 구성될 때 가장 적합한 것으로 나타났다. 그리고 원 척도와 일치하게 성장 지향과 결핍감소 지향 총 2개의 하위요인을 가지고 있는 것으로 나타났으며 양호한 수준의 내적 일관성 신뢰도와 검사-재검사 신뢰도를 보였다. 기존의 소속감 관련 척도와 비교한 결과, 성장 지향은 소속에 대한 욕구, 전반적 소속감과 유의미한 정적 상관을 보인 반면, 결핍감소 지향은 소속에 대한 욕구와 정적 상관을 보였으나 전반적 소속감과는 관련성이 없었다. 아울러 기존의 소속감 관련 척도인 소속에 대한 욕구와 전반적 소속감은 서로 유의미한 상관을 보이지 않았다. 정신건강 관련 변인들을 대상으로 한국판 청소년용 소속감 지향성 척도의 준거 관련 타당도를 조사한 결과, 전반적으로 양호한 수준이었다. 이러한 결과는 소속되고자 하는 욕구 이면의 동기가 청소년의 정신건강과 밀접한 관계가 있다는 점을 보여준다. 마지막으로 연구의 의의와 제한점에 대해 논의하였다.

Abstract

The purpose of the present study is to validate the Belongingness Orientation Scale for Korean adolescents. A total of 1,074 participants (554 middle schoolers, 520 high schoolers) were assessed for belongingness orientation, mental well-being, mental disorders, anxiety, depression, self-esteem, daily stress, need to belong, and general belongingness. Through item-total correlation analysis, and exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis, a 9-item Korean version of the Belongingness Orientation Scale for Adolescents (KBOSA-9) was found to be the most suitable. Consistent with the original scale, it comprised two subfactors: growth orientation and deficit-reduction orientation. Moreover, it exhibited good internal consistency and test-retest reliability. Comparison with the existing belongingness orientation scales indicated that growth orientation had significant positive correlations with need to belong and general belongingness. In contrast, deficit-reduction orientation had a significant positive correlation with need to belong but no significant correlation with general belongingness. No significant correlation was found between need to belong and general belongingness. The criterion-related validity of the KBOSA-9 regarding mental health related variables was good in general. These findings highlight the importance of adolescents' motivations underlying their desire to belong, as it relates to their mental health. Lastly, the implications and limitations of the present study were discussed.

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