발달장애아동의 섭식문제가 양육스트레스에 미치는 영향과 양육자의 사회적 지지와 대처방식의 매개효과
Effects of Feeding Problems in Children with Developmental Disabilities on Parental Stress, and Mediating Effects of Caregivers' Social Support and Coping Strategies
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초록
본 연구는 발달장애아동의 섭식문제가 정상아동과 유의미한 차이를 나타내는지 알아보고, 부모의 주관적 판단에 의해 섭식문제가 있다고 보고된 발달장애아동을 대상으로 섭식문제의 심각도가 양육스트레스에 미치는 영향과 양육자의 사회적지지, 대처방식 특성에 의한 매개효과를 검증해 보고자 했다. 이를 위해 만 2-12세에 해당하는 발달장애아동의 양육자 137명과 연령과 성별을 짝 맞춘 정상아동의 양육자 137명을 대상으로 아동 섭식행동 검사와 섭취관련 질문지를 사용하여 섭식문제의 실태를 조사하였다. 또한 섭식문제가 있는 발달장애아동 91명의 양육자를 구분하여 한국판 부모양육스트레스 척도, 지각된 사회적 지지에 대한 다면적 척도, 대처방식 척도를 이용하여 심리검사를 실시하였다. 자료 분석을 위해 일원분산분석과 위계적 중다회귀분석이 사용되었다. 그 결과는 다음과 같다. 첫째, 발달장애아동은 정상아동보다 심각한 수준의 섭취문제를 다양하고 빈번하게 가지고 있었다. 둘째, 발달장애아동의 섭식문제가 양육스트레스에 부정적인 영향을 미치고 양육자의 사회적 지지가 양육스트레스를 효과적으로 매개하는 것으로 나타났다. 위의 결과를 중심으로 본 연구의 의의와 제한점에 대해 논의하였다.
Abstract
The purposes of this study were (1) to compare the characteristics of feeding problems between children with developmental disabilities(DD) and typically developing children; and (2) to investigate the effect of feeding problems of children with DD and the mediation effect of caregiver's social support and coping strategies on parenting stress. 137 caregivers of children with developmental disabilities (aged 2 to 12) and 137 caregivers of sex and age-matched healthy controls completed K-CEBI and Feeding Problem Questionnaire. Among the caregivers of children with DD, 91 caregivers who reported feeding problem existence in their children were requested to complete K-PSI, MSPSS, and WCCL to identify the mediation effect of social support and coping strategies on parenting stress. One-way ANOVA, Pearson correlation, and hierarchical multiple regression were used to analyze the data. The results were as follows: (1) statistically significant difference was observed in severity and characteristics of feeding problems between the DD group and the control; and (2) the feeding problems of children with DD contributed to increased parenting stress levels. In addition, caregivers' social support mediated the relationship between feeding problems and parenting stress. Clinical implications and limitations were also discussed.
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