메를로-퐁티의 현상학과 몸철학

Abstract

This study titled “Merleau-Ponty’s Phenomenology and the Philosophy of the Body,” explores how athletes can interpret the world through their perceptions (experiences) and actions based on the living body, i.e., the physical body in sport and how subjectivity and perception of the body manifest in sport. Furthermore, it seeks to elucidate whether an athlete’s phenomenological body can recognize the world through experiences via bodily schema. In sport, an athlete’s body is expressed perceptually through the world as an embodied body and appears as an incarnated essence through the forms of movement. In essence, the acts of seeing and being seen in the sport field resonate within the athlete’s body, embodying these acts and representing them as another visible form. Moreover, the athlete subjectively transforms the world perceived through their own body and the embodied properties left in the body into sport. Ultimately, Merleau-Ponty’s philosophy does not view the body merely as a tool but as a central subject that mediates consciousness and the world. From this perspective, sport transcend physical activity and reveal themselves as a transformative realm that not only displays the mode of human existence and interaction with the world but also has the potential to shape it. In other words, the living body in sport acts as the agent (athlete) through the body, and this body serves as a conduit on the sport field, a pathway for the acting agent, and a world that is not separate but interrelated with each other, fostering a sense of unity and shared experience. This adds a profound ontological depth to sport, significantly deepening the scope of sport.