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제조기업 생산부문 경쟁력의 측정체계와 인과모형

Developing Measurement System and Causal Model of Operational Competence in Manufacturing Industry: Routine-based View

이원희|라준영
한국생산관리학회 (The Korean Production And Operations Management Society)|2014.11|한국생산관리학회지 (Journal of the Korean Production and Operations Management Society)|제25권 제4호|pp. 343-362|DOI 10.21131/kopoms.25.4.201411.343

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키워드

성과역량제조업자원performanceresources생산부문경쟁력루틴manufacturingoperational competencecapabilitiesroutines
주제분류경영학

초록

본 논문은 제조기업 생산부문의 경쟁력을 분석할 수 있는 측정체계를 실증적으로 개발하고, 경쟁력의 구성차원간 인과관계를 분석하기 위한 연구이다. 먼저 기존 이론과 실무관행을 종합하여 생산부문의 경쟁력을 자원, 역량, 성과로 구성하고, 측정항목의 후보군을 선정하여 탐색적 요인분석과 확인적 요인분석을 실시하였다. 설문지는 이산형 제조기업을 대상으로 수집하였다. 분석 결과 2차 요인의 위계모형으로 구성된 자원, 역량, 성과의 측정체계에 대한 실증적 타당성과 신뢰성을 확보할 수 있었다. 다음으로 생산부문 경쟁력의 구성차원인 자원, 역량, 성과 간 인과관계 분석을 실시하였다. 2차 요인 구조방정식모형 분석을 적용하였으며, 분석결과 자원과 역량이 생산성과에 직접적인 영향을 미치고, 역량이 자원에 비해 생산성과에 미치는 영향력이 크다는 것을 확인할 수 있었다. 반면 자원은 생산성과에 직접적인 영향을 미치는 것보다 역량을 거쳐 간접적으로 성과에 영향을 미치는 매개효과가 더 크다는 것을 알 수 있었다. 본 연구를 통해 개발된 제조기업 생산부문의 경쟁력 측정모형과 항목은 향후 생산전략 분야의 다양한 실증연구에서 활용될 수 있을 것이다. 특히 전략경영 분야의 역량이론과 마찬가지로 생산부문의 역량을 조직내부의 프로세스 루틴 관점에서 접근하고자 하는 새로운 연구에 기여할 수 있을 것이다.

Abstract

The purpose of this paper is to develop a measurement system of operational competence in manufacturing industry and to analyze the causal relationship between its composite dimensions. First, we conduct a statistical analysis on the measurement scheme and its' items and build a final measurement model with strong empirical support. Survey data was from discrete manufacturing companies. The result shows that operational competence is composed of resources, capabilities, and performance with a second-order hierarchical structure. Second, using a structural equation modeling method, we investigate the relationships between these three dimensions and identify a causal model. Finally we find that resources and capabilities are antecedents to performance and the direct effect of capabilities on performance is stronger than that of resources. The result also indicates that resources indirectly affect performance through the mediation of capabilities and its strength is more than direct effect. This paper will provide a empirical backbone to synthesise two streams of operational capabilities theories; performance-based view and routine-based view.

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