제조기업의 녹색 공급망 관리시스템 구축에 대한 영향요인과 적합한 구축방안 개발
Influence Factors for the Construction of Green Supply-Chain Management Systems, and the Identification of Relevant Construction Approaches
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초록
본 연구는 제조기업의 녹색 공급 망 관리 기법들 도입에 대한 영향요인들을 규명하고, 녹색 공급 망 관리 기법들로 구성된 녹색 공급 망 관리시스템의 구축 방안들을 검증, 제시하였다. 우리나라 제조 기업들이 환경경영을 위해 녹색 공급 망 관리 기법들을 도입할 경우 특히, 영향을 미치는 요인들이 무엇이며, 이러한 요인들의 상태에 따라 어떤 구축 방안을 채택할 수 있는지 밝히는 것이 본 연구의 목적이었다. 실증 분석결과, 녹색 공급 망 관리기법 도입에 영향을 미치는 외부적 요인으로는 법적 규제의 영향이 크게 나타났으며, 모방 압력과 규범적 압력의 영향도 있는 것으로 나타났다. 기업 내부 요인으로는 적극적 환경 경영전략과 환경경영 시스템의 영향이 유의한 것으로 밝혀졌다. 환경성과에 대한 영향 분석에서는 녹색 제품설계와 녹색 생산의 영향이 유의하였다. 따라서 녹색 제품개발을 통한 친환경 제품 생산과 생산과정에서의 환경오염 방지가 환경에 대한 부정적 영향을 줄이는데 크게 기여한다는 것을 알 수 있다. 외부적 요인과 기업 내부 요인에 따라 녹색 공급 망 관리시스템 구축 방안을 결정지우는 4가지 준비 상태를 집락분석을 통해 입증하였다. 집락분석 결과, 잘 준비된 상태, 과잉 준비상태, 준비부족 상태와 낮은 준비상태의 4가지 상태가 나타나는 것으로 확인되었다. 그리고 각각의 상태별로 적합한 구축 방안이 사용되고 있는지 분석하였으며, 총체적 구축방안, 점진적 구축방안과 외부지향 구축방안만 확인되었다. 내부지향 구축방안의 존재 여부는 파악되지 않았으며 이는 정확하게 해당 상태에 속하는 집락이 구별되지 않은 이유 때문일 수 있다.
Abstract
This study empirically examined the influential factors in the adoption of green supply-chain management practices(GSMPs) in manufacturing firms. GSMPs were classified into four types: green product design, green purchases, liquidation of extra facilities, and green production. The results show that external factors, such as legal regulation, and imitation and normative pressures, have a positive impact on the adoption of green product design, green purchases, and green production. It was also found that the effects of internal factors, such as proactive environmental strategies and environmental management systems, on the adoption of GSMPs are significant and positive. In the relationship between the different kinds of GSMPs, both the effects of green product design on liquidation of extra facilities and the influences of green product design and green purchases on green production were found to be significant and positive. Finally, the results indicated that green product design as well as green production contribute to the improvement of environmental performance. Using a cluster analysis, this study also demonstrated the four conditions for the four development approaches(i.e., step- by-step, total, internal-oriented, and external-oriented) of GSMPs. From these development approaches, step-by-step, total, and external-oriented approaches were empirically observed and confirmed.
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