퇴계학에 관한 북한의 선행연구 비판적 고찰 - 향후 퇴계학 관련 남북한 공동연구 가능성 탐색

Abstract

In this thesis, the precedent research on Toegye’s study in North Korea was examined critically, and the ways to develop the research on Confucianism in Joseon including Toegye’s study were sought by integrating the precedent research in South and North Korea. In the precedent research in North Korea, Toegye is defined as a mysterious idealist based on Liilwon theory(理一元論), and Toegye’s philosophy has been regarded as a political theory for a feudal society. Accordingly, in this thesis, the precedent research in North Korea was theoretically refuted, and the changes in the attitude of the North Korean researchers on Toegye’s study were focused on. In the precedent research in North Korea, the changes stand out that Toegye’s ethical theory emphasizing respect(敬) in the study of Neo-Confucianism(聖學) is defined as a theory of Mulahtongil(物我統一), and Toegye is evaluated as the most authoritative Neo-Confucian scholar since Zhu Xi. Therefore, this thesis suggested that Toegye’s Neo-Confucian study should be focused on being free from the frame of materialism and idealism, which even the North Korean researchers are aknowledging, and the research on Confucianism in Joseon including Toegye’s study in South and North Korea needs to be integrated. On the other hand, the precedent research in North Korea, which was focused on the matter of materialistic social innovation and concludes that Toegye’s social ideology was the conservatism to defend the feudal society, was refuted, and the problem that the writings on the history of Korean philosophy or middle or high school textbooks in South Korea have neglected Toegye’s social ideology too much was pointed out. Accordingly, in this thesis, it was proposed that the meanings of the social ideology of Confucianism of Joseon including Toegye’s study should be reexamined by integrating the precedent study in South and North Korea in the system of Neo-Confucian study. Recently, North Korean researchers are also interested in the matter of education regarding the whole history of Korean philosophy, and have been making many achievements. Therefore, in addition to the academic study on Confucianism in Joseon including Toegye’s study, it should receive deep interest, too, how to educate it in the public curriculum.