헤밍웨이와 스페인 내전-『누구를 위하여 종이 울리나』를 중심으로
The Spanish Civil War and For Whom the Bell Tolls
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Abstract
Hemingway is considered one of the most important war novelists. He has experienced four wars, directly or indirectly ― World War I, Greco-Turkish War, the Spanish Civil War, and World War II. In addition, he went to Hong Kong to cover the Chinese-Japanese War and even met Sun Yat-sen's widow. Regarding the Cuban situation, he blamed Gerardo Machado's dictatorship and supported Cuban Revolution.Hemingway served World War I for a brief period of time as he got wounded by mortar and machine-gun fire near Fossalta di Piave. He participated in other wars as a war correspondent. His coverage of the war scenes were so vivid and powerful, especially the Spanish Civil War coverage, that he wrote 30 articles to North Atlantic News Alliance, one to Pravda, 12 to Ken, and a narration to “The Spanish Earth,” a propaganda film from the Republican side.He was faithful to his political ideas opposing fascism and he addressed an anti-fascist speech at the American Writer's Association in New York and made an effective fund-raising to help the Republicans. He openly expressed his support for the Republicans out of a very personal reason. He liked Spain with its unspoiled nature and the Spanish people, very pure and living in an unspoiled environment. Moreover, he cared so much for bull-fighting and appreciated the true spirit of bull-fighting that he was called the only non-Spaniard aficionado by a famous Spanish writer Salvador de Madariaga. Hemingway portrayed a sacrificial figure Robert Jordan in For Whom the Bell Tolls who risks his life for his love of Maria and the Spanish people. Through knowing the Spanish situation and by falling in love with Maria, his hatred of fascism increased, and through Robert Jordan he expressed his political ideas.
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