미하일 바흐찐의 대화이론에 대한 분석적 비평

Abstract

This paper explores certain elements of Bakhtin’s dialogic analysis: its philosophical backgrounds in relation to Kantianism and Neo-Kantianisn, its semiotic or translinguistic aspects in comparison with Saussure’s langue and parole, its discussion of Freudian psychology in consideration of consciousness as the essentiality to identify self and other. Finally, this paper explicates how Bakhtin tried to perceive and apply heteroglossia and polyphony to analyze the novel genre. In fact, heteroglossia, as the extended and more comprehensive version of polyphony, and polyphony may be titled as the representation of dialogism in literary text. In his theoretical works of literary genre, Bakhtin considered them primary elements to analyze the nature of the novel. Bakhtin was very fascinated in studying novel, since he thought that a novel is the arena of linguistic conflicts where a variety of philosophical, linguistic, and psychological facets are depicted through the characters’ dialogic interactions. Thus, this paper considers heteroglossia and polyphony, two substantial terms delineating Bakhtin’s dialogism, based on the study of its relations to other academic fields such as philosophy, linguistics, and psychology. Bakhtin defined dialogism as the event of co-being formulated through relations to other(s).